A Treatise on Parents and Children

第4章

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第4章

A Treatise on Parents and Children George Bernard Shaw

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A Treatise on Parents and Children
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  TheInfiniteSchoolTaskThequestionofchildren\'swork,however,isonlyaquestionofwhatthechildoughttodoforthecommunity。Howhighlyitshouldqualifyitselfisanothermatter。Butmostofthedifficultyofinducingchildrentolearnwoulddisappearifourdemandsbecamenotonlydefinitebutfinite。Whenlearningisonlyanexcuseforimprisonment,itisaninstrumentoftorturewhichbecomesmorepainfulthemoreprogressismade。ThuswhenyouhaveforcedachildtolearntheChurchCatechism,adocumentprofoundbeyondthecomprehensionofmostadults,youaresometimesatastandstillforsomethingelsetoteach;andyouthereforekeepthewretchedchildrepeatingitscatechismagainandagainuntilyouhitontheplanofmakingitlearninstalmentsofBibleverses,preferablyfromthebookofNumbers。Butasitislesstroubletosetalessonthatyouknowyourself,thereisatendencytokeeprepeatingthealreadylearntlessonratherthanbreaknewground。AtschoolIbeganwithafairlycompleteknowledgeofLatingrammarinthechildishsenseofbeingabletorepeatalltheparadigms;andIwaskeptatthis,orratherkeptinaclasswherethemasterneveraskedmetodo

  itbecauseheknewIcould,andthereforedevotedhimselftotrappingtheboyswhocouldnot,untilIfinallyforgotmostofit。Butwhenprogresstookplace,whatdiditmean?FirstitmeantCaesar,withtheforeknowledgethattomasterCaesarmeantonlybeingsetatVirgil,withtheculminatinghorrorofGreekandHomerinreserveattheendofthat。IpreferredCaesar,becausehisstatementthatGaulisdividedintothreeparts,thoughneitherinterestingnortrue,wastheonlyLatinsentenceIcouldtranslateatsight:thereforethelongerwestuckatCaesarthebetterIwaspleased。Justsodolessclassicallyeducatedchildrenseenothinginthemasteryofadditionbutthebeginningofsubtraction,andsoonthroughmultiplicationanddivisionandfractions,withtheblackcloudofalgebraonthehorizon。Andifaboyrushesthroughallthat,thereisalwaysthecalculustofallbackon,unlessindeedyouinsistonhislearningmusic,andproceedtohithimifhecannottellyoutheyearBeethovenwasborn。

  Achildhasarighttofinalityasregardsitscompulsorylessons。

  Alsoasregardsphysicaltraining。AtpresentitisassumedthattheschoolmasterhasarighttoforceeverychildintoanattempttobecomePorsonandBentley,LeibnitzandNewton,allrolledintoone。

  Thisisthetraditionoftheoldestgrammarschools。Inourtimesanevenmorehorribleandcynicalclaimhasbeenmadefortherighttodriveboysthroughcompulsorygamesintheplayingfieldsuntiltheyaretoomuchexhaustedphysicallytodoanythingbutdropofftosleep。Thisissupposedtoprotectthemfromvice;butasitalsoprotectsthemfrompoetry,literature,music,meditationandprayer,itmaybedismissedwiththeobviousremarkthatifboardingschoolsareplaceswhosekeepersaredriventosuchmonstrousmeasureslestmoreabominablethingsshouldhappen,thenthesoonerboardingschoolsareviolentlyabolishedthebetter。Itistruethatsocietymaymakephysicalclaimsonthechildaswellasmentalones:thechildmustlearntowalk,touseaknifeandfork,toswim,torideabicycle,toacquiresufficientpowerofself-defencetomakeanattackonitanarduousanduncertainenterprise,perhapstofly。Whatasamatterofcommon-senseitclearlyhasnotarighttodoistomakethisanexcuseforkeepingthechildslavingfortenhoursatphysicalexercisesonthegroundthatitisnotyetasdexterousasCinquevalliandasstrongasSandow。

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