A Theologico-Political Treatise

第5章

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第5章

A Theologico-Political Treatise Benedict de Spinoza

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A Theologico-Political Treatise
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  68Butthedeductionofconclusionsfromgeneraltruths。priori,usuallyrequiresalongchainofarguments,and,moreover,verygreatcaution,acuteness,andself-restraint-qualitieswhicharenotoftenmetwith;

  thereforepeopleprefertobetaughtbyexperienceratherthandeducetheirconclusionfromafewaxioms,andsetthemoutinlogicalorder。69

  Whenceitfollows,thatifanyonewishestoteachadoctrinetoawholenationnottospeakofthewholehumanrace,andtobeunderstoodbyallmenineveryparticular,hewillseektosupporthisteachingwithexperience,andwillendeavourtosuithisreasoningsandthedefinitionsofhisdoctrinesasfaraspossibletotheunderstandingofthecommonpeople,whoformthemajorityofmankind,andhewillnotsetthemforthinlogicalsequencenoradducethedefinitionswhichservetoestablishthem。70

  Otherwisehewritesonlyforthelearned-thatis,hewillbeunderstoodbyonlyasmallproportionofthehumanrace。

  71AllScripturewaswrittenprimarilyforanentirepeople,andsecondarilyforthewholehumanrace;thereforeitscontentsmustnecessarilybeadaptedasfaraspossibletotheunderstandingofthemasses,andprovedonlybyexamplesdrawnfromexperience。72Wewillexplainourselvesmoreclearly。73ThechiefspeculativedoctrinestaughtinScripturearetheexistenceofGod,oraBeingWhomadeallthings,andWhodirectsandsustainstheworldwithconsummatewisdom;furthermore,thatGodtakesthegreatestthoughtformen,orsuchofthemaslivepiouslyandhonourably,whileHepunishes,withvariouspenalties,thosewhodoevil,separatingthemfromthegood。74AllthisisprovedinScriptureentirelythroughexperience-thatis,throughthenarrativesthererelated。

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