DOMINION

第4章

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第4章

DOMINION Thomas Hobbes

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DOMINION
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  IX。ButmanythingsarerequiredtotheconservationofinwardPeace,becausemanythingsconcur(ashathbeenshewedintheforegoingChapter)toitsperturbation。Wehavethereshewed,thatsomethingstherearewhichdisposethemindsofmentosedition,otherswhichmoveandquickenthemsodisposed。Amongthosewhichdisposethem,wehavereckonedinthefirstplacecertaineperversedoctrines。ItsthereforethedutyofthosewhohavethechiefAuthority;torootthoseoutofthemindesofmen,notbycommanding,butbyteaching;notbytheterrourofpenalties,butbytheperspicuityofreasons;theLaweswherebythisevillmaybewithstoodarenottobemadeagainstthePersonserring,butagainsttheErroursthemselves。ThoseerrourswhichintheforegoingChapterweaffirmedwereinconsistentwiththequietoftheCommon-weal,havecreptintothemindesofignorantmen,partlyfromthePulpit,partlyfromthedailydiscoursesofmen,whobyreasonoflittleemployment,otherwise,doefindeleasureenoughtostudy;andtheygotintothesemensmindesbytheteachersoftheiryouthinpubliqueschooles。

  Whereforealso,ontheotherside,ifanymanwouldintroducesoundDoctrine,hemustbeginfromtheAcademies:There,thetrue,andtrulydemonstratedfoundationsofcivillDoctrinearetobelaid,wherewithyoungmenbeingonceendued,theymayafterwardbothinprivateandpubliqueinstructthevulgar。Andthistheywilldoesomuchthemorecheerfully,andpowerfully,byhowmuchthemselvesshallbemorecertainlyconvincedofthetruthofthosethingstheyprofess,andteach;forseeingatthisdaymenreceivepropositions,thoughfalse,andnomoreintelligible,thenifamanshouldjoynetogetheracompanyoftermesdrawnbychanceoutofanurne,byreasonofthefrequentuseofhearingthem;howmuchmorewouldtheyforthesamereasonentertaintruedoctrinessuitabletotheirownunderstandings,andthenatureofthings?IthereforeconceiveittobethedutyofSupremeOfficerstocausethetrueelementsofcivillDoctrinetobewritten,andtocommandthemtobetaughtinalltheColledgesoftheirseverallDominions。

  X。InthenextplaceweshewedthatgriefofmindarisingfromwantdiddisposetheSubjectstoSedition,whichwant,althoughderiv’dfromtheirownluxury,andsloth,yettheyimputeittothosewhogoverntheRealm,asthoughtheyweredrainedandopprestbypubliquePensions。Notwithstandingitmaysometimeshappenthatthiscomplaintmaybejust,namely,whentheburthensoftheRealmareunequallyimposedontheSubjects;

  Forthatwhichtoalltogetherisbutalightweight,ifmanywithdrawthemselves,itwilbeveryheavy,nay,evenintollerabletotherest:Neitheraremenwontsomuchtogrieveattheburthenitself,asattheinequality。Withmuchearnestnesthereforemenstrivetobefreedfromtaxes,&inthisconflictthelessehappy,asbeingovercome,doenvythemorefortunate。

  Toremovethereforealljustcomplaint,itstheinterestofthepubliquequiet,andbyconsequenceitconcernesthedutyoftheMagistrate,toseethatthepubliqueburthensbeequallyborn。

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