Ineithercase,achaosensues;tillfinite,thoughinnumerablerevolutionsproduceatlastsomeforms,whosepartsandorgansaresoadjustedastosupporttheformsamidstacontinuedsuccessionofmatter。
Suppose(forweshallendeavourtovarytheexpression),thatmatterwerethrownintoanyposition,byablind,unguidedforce;itisevidentthatthisfirstpositionmust,inallprobability,bethemostconfusedandmostdisorderlyimaginable,withoutanyresemblancetothoseworksofhumancontrivance,which,alongwithasymmetryofparts,discoveranadjustmentofmeanstoends,andatendencytoself-preservation。
Iftheactuatingforceceaseafterthisoperation,mattermustremainforeverindisorder,andcontinueanimmensechaos,withoutanyproportionoractivity。Butsupposethattheactuatingforce,whateveritbe,stillcontinuesinmatter,thisfirstpositionwillimmediatelygiveplacetoasecond,whichwilllikewiseinallprobabilitybeasdisorderlyasthefirst,andsoonthroughmanysuccessionsofchangesandrevolutions。Noparticularorderorpositionevercontinuesamomentunaltered。Theoriginalforce,stillremaininginactivity,givesaperpetualrestlessnesstomatter。Everypossiblesituationisproduced,andinstantlydestroyed。Ifaglimpseordawnoforderappearsforamoment,itisinstantlyhurriedaway,andconfounded,bythatnever-ceasingforcewhichactuateseverypartofmatter。
Thustheuniversegoesonformanyagesinacontinuedsuccessionofchaosanddisorder。Butisitnotpossiblethatitmaysettleatlast,soasnottoloseitsmotionandactiveforce(forthatwehavesupposedinherentinit),yetsoastopreserveanuniformityofappearance,amidstthecontinualmotionandfluctuationofitsparts?Thiswefindtobethecasewiththeuniverseatpresent。Everyindividualisperpetuallychanging,andeverypartofeveryindividual;andyetthewholeremains,inappearance,thesame。Maywenothopeforsuchaposition,orratherbeassuredofit,fromtheeternalrevolutionsofunguidedmatter;andmaynotthisaccountforalltheappearingwisdomandcontrivancewhichisintheuniverse?Letuscontemplatethesubjectalittle,andweshallfind,thatthisadjustment,ifattainedbymatterofaseemingstabilityintheforms,witharealandperpetualrevolutionormotionofparts,affordsaplausible,ifnotatruesolutionofthedifficulty。
Itisinvain,therefore,toinsistupontheusesofthepartsinanimalsorvegetables,andtheircuriousadjustmenttoeachother。Iwouldfainknow,howananimalcouldsubsist,unlessitspartsweresoadjusted?Dowenotfind,thatitimmediatelyperisheswheneverthisadjustmentceases,andthatitsmattercorruptingtriessomenewform?Ithappensindeed,thatthepartsoftheworldaresowelladjusted,thatsomeregularformimmediatelylaysclaimtothiscorruptedmatter:andifitwerenotso,couldtheworldsubsist?Mustitnotdissolveaswellastheanimal,andpassthroughnewpositionsandsituations,tillingreat,butfinitesuccession,itfallsatlastintothepresentorsomesuchorder?