Jeremy Bentham

第38章

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第38章

Jeremy Bentham Leslie Stephen

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Jeremy Bentham
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  The’disposition’includessensibilitytowhathecalls’tutelarymotives’

  motives,thatis,whichdeteramanfromsuchconductasgenerallyproducesmischievousconsequences。Nomotivecanbeinvariably,thoughsome,especiallythemotiveofgoodwill,andinaminordegreethoseof’amity’anda’loveofreputation,’aregenerally,ontherightside。Thelegislatorhastoreinforcethese’tutelarymotives’by’artificialtutelarymotives,’andmainlybyappealingtothe’loveofease,’thatis,bymakingmischievousconductmoredifficult,andto’self-preservation,’thatis,bymakingitmoredangerous。49*

  Hehasthereforetomeasuretheforcebywhichthesemotiveswillbeopposed;

  or,inotherwords,the’strengthofthetemptation。’Nowthemoredepravedaman’sdisposition,theweakerthetemptationwhichwillseducehimtocrime。

  Consequentlyifanactshowsdepravity,itwillrequireastrongercounter-motiveoramoreseverepunishment,asthedispositionindicatedismoremischievous。

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