LETTERS

第35章

试读中

第35章

LETTERS Thomas Jefferson

后面的故事,去 App 接着看,下载后搜索书名即可继续阅读。

LETTERS
阅读主题
字体大小

  willobserve,thatthatofMr。Neckarstatedtherealandordinarydeficittobefifty-sixmillions,andthatheshewedthatthiscouldbemadeupwithoutanewtax,byeconomiesandbonificationswhichhespecified。Severalarticlesofthelatterareliabletotheobjection,thattheyareproposedonbranchesoftherevenue,ofwhichthenationhasdemandedasuppression。Hetrippedtoolightlyoverthegreatarticlesofconstitutionalreformation,thesebeingnotasclearlyenouncedinthisdiscourseastheywereinhis`Rapportauroy,’whichIsentyousometimeago。Onthewhole,hisdiscoursehasnotsatisfiedthepatrioticparty。Itisnow,forthefirsttime,thattheirrevolutionislikelytoreceiveaseriouscheck,andbeginstowearafearfulappearance。TheprogressoflightandliberalityintheorderoftheNoblesse,hasequalledexpectationinParisonly,anditsvicinities。Thegreatmassofdeputiesofthatorder,whichcomefromthecountry,shewthatthehabitsoftyrannyoverthepeople,aredeeplyrootedinthem。Theywillconsent,indeed,toequaltaxation;butfive-sixthsofthatchamberarethoughttobe,decidedly,forvotingbyorders;sothat,hadthisgreatpreliminaryquestionrestedonthisbody,whichformedheretoforethesolehope,thathopewouldhavebeencompletelydisappointed。Someaid,however,comesinfromaquarterwhencenonewasexpected。Itwasimaginedtheecclesiasticalelectionswouldhavebeengenerallyinfavorofthehigherclergy;onthecontrary,thelowerclergyhaveobtainedfive-sixthsofthesedeputations。

  Thesearethesonsofpeasants,whohavedoneallthedrudgeryoftheservice,forten,twentyandthirtyguineasayear,andwhoseoppressionsandpenury,contrastedwiththeprideandluxuryofthehigherclergy,haverenderedthemperfectlydisposedtohumblethelatter。Theyhavedoneit,inmanyinstances,withaboldnesstheywerethoughtinsusceptibleof。Greathopeshavebeenformed,thatthesewouldconcurwiththeTiersEtat,invotingbypersons。Infact,abouthalfofthemseemasyetsodisposed;butthebishopsareintriguing,anddrawingthemoverwiththeaddresswhichhasevermarkedecclesiasticalintrigue。ThedeputiesoftheTiersEtatseem,almosttoaman,inflexiblydeterminedagainstthevotebyorders。

  Thisisthestateofparties,aswellascanbejudgedfromconversationonly,duringthefortnighttheyhavebeennowtogether。

  Butasnobusinesshasbeenyetbegun,novotesasyettaken,thiscalculationcannotbeconsideredassure。Amiddlepropositionistalkedof,toformthetwoprivilegedordersintoonechamber。Itisthoughtmorepossibletobringthemintoit,thantheTiersEtat。

  Anotherpropositionis,todistinguishquestions,referringthoseofcertaindescriptionstoavotebypersons,otherstoavotebyorders。Thisseemstoadmitofendlessaltercation,andtheTiersEtatmanifestnorespectforthat,oranyothermodificationwhatever。Werethissinglequestionaccommodated,Iamofopinion,therewouldnotoccurtheleastdifficultyinthegreatandessentialpointsofconstitutionalreformation。Butonthispreliminaryquestionthepartiesaresoirreconcilable,thatitisimpossibletoforeseewhatissueitwillhave。TheTiersEtat,asconstitutingthenation,mayproposetodothebusinessofthenation,eitherwithorwithouttheminoritiesintheHousesofClergyandNobles,whichsidewiththem。Inthatcase,iftheKingshouldagreetoit,themajoritiesinthosetwoHouseswouldsecede,andmightresistthetaxgatherers。Thiswouldbringonacivilwar。Ontheotherhand,theprivilegedorders,offeringtosubmittoequaltaxation,mayproposetotheKingtocontinuethegovernmentinitsformertrain,resumingtohimselfthepoweroftaxation。Here,thetaxgatherersmightberesistedbythepeople。Infine,itisbuttoopossible,thatbetweenpartiessoanimated,theKingmayinclinethebalanceashepleases。Happythatheisanhonest,unambitiousman,whodesiresneithermoneynorpowerforhimself;andthathismostoperativeminister,thoughhehasappearedtotrimalittle,isstill,inthemain,afriendtopublicliberty。

后续内容在 App 继续看

精彩内容未完,打开 App 继续阅读

后面的故事已为你准备好,下载 App 后搜索“LETTERS”即可继续阅读这一章。