Thisperpetualfear,alwaysaccompanyingmankindintheignoranceofcauses,asitwereinthedark,mustneedshaveforobjectsomething。Andthereforewhenthereisnothingtobeseen,thereisnothingtoaccuseeitheroftheirgoodorevilfortunebutsomepoweroragentinvisible:inwhichsenseperhapsitwasthatsomeoftheoldpoetssaidthatthegodswereatfirstcreatedbyhumanfear:which,spokenofthegodsthatistosay,ofthemanygodsoftheGentiles,isverytrue。ButtheacknowledgingofoneGodeternal,infinite,andomnipotentmaymoreeasilybederivedfromthedesiremenhavetoknowthecausesofnaturalbodies,andtheirseveralvirtuesandoperations,thanfromthefearofwhatwastobefallthemintimetocome。Forhethat,fromanyeffectheseethcometopass,shouldreasontothenextandimmediatecausethereof,andfromthencetothecauseofthatcause,andplungehimselfprofoundlyinthepursuitofcauses,shallatlastcometothis,thattheremustbeaseventheheathenphilosophersconfessedoneFirstMover;thatis,afirstandaneternalcauseofallthings;
whichisthatwhichmenmeanbythenameofGod:andallthiswithoutthoughtoftheirfortune,thesolicitudewhereofbothinclinestofearandhindersthemfromthesearchofthecausesofotherthings;andtherebygivesoccasionoffeigningofasmanygodsastherebementhatfeignthem。
Andforthematter,orsubstance,oftheinvisibleagents,sofancied,theycouldnotbynaturalcogitationfalluponanyotherconceptbutthatitwasthesamewiththatofthesoulofman;andthatthesoulofmanwasofthesamesubstancewiththatwhichappearethinadreamtoonethatsleepeth;orinalooking-glasstoonethatisawake;which,mennotknowingthatsuchapparitionsarenothingelsebutcreaturesofthefancy,thinktoberealandexternalsubstances,andthereforecallthemghosts;astheLatinscalledthemimaginesandumbraeandthoughtthemspiritsthatis,thinaerialbodies,andthoseinvisibleagents,whichtheyfeared,tobelikethem,savethattheyappearandvanishwhentheyplease。Buttheopinionthatsuchspiritswereincorporeal,orimmaterial,couldneverenterintothemindofanymanbynature;because,thoughmenmayputtogetherwordsofcontradictorysignification,asspiritandincorporeal,yettheycanneverhavetheimaginationofanythingansweringtothem:andtherefore,menthatbytheirownmeditationarrivetotheacknowledgementofoneinfinite,omnipotent,andeternalGodchooserathertoconfessHeisincomprehensibleandabovetheirunderstandingthantodefineHisnaturebyspiritincorporeal,andthenconfesstheirdefinitiontobeunintelligible:oriftheygivehimsuchatitle,itisnotdogmatically,withintentiontomaketheDivineNatureunderstood,butpiously,tohonourHimwithattributesofsignificationsasremoteastheycanfromthegrossnessofbodiesvisible。
Then,forthewaybywhichtheythinktheseinvisibleagentswroughttheireffects;thatistosay,whatimmediatecausestheyusedinbringingthingstopass,menthatknownotwhatitisthatwecallcausingthatis,almostallmenhavenootherruletoguessbybutbyobservingandrememberingwhattheyhaveseentoprecedethelikeeffectatsomeothertime,ortimesbefore,withoutseeingbetweentheantecedentandsubsequenteventanydependenceorconnexionatall:
andthereforefromthelikethingspast,theyexpectthelikethingstocome;andhopeforgoodorevilluck,superstitiously,fromthingsthathavenopartatallinthecausingofit:astheAtheniansdidfortheirwaratLepantodemandanotherPhormio;thePompeianfactionfortheirwarinAfrica,anotherScipio;andothershavedoneindiverseotheroccasionssince。Inlikemannertheyattributetheirfortunetoastanderby,toaluckyorunluckyplace,towordsspoken,especiallyifthenameofGodbeamongstthem,ascharming,andconjuringtheliturgyofwitches;insomuchastobelievetheyhavepowertoturnastoneintobread,breadintoaman,oranythingintoanything。