The Origins of Contemporary France

第16章

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第16章

The Origins of Contemporary France Hippolyte Aldophe Taine

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The Origins of Contemporary France
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  \"Fortwomonths,\"writesacommandantintheSouth,[20]\"inferiorjudgesandlawyers,withwhichbothtownandcountryswarm,withaviewtotheirelectiontotheStates—General,havebeenracingafterthemembersoftheThird—Estate,underthepretextofstandingbythemandofgivingtheminformation……Theyhavestriventomakethembelievethat,intheStates—General,theyalonewouldbemastersandregulatealltheaffairsofthekingdom;thattheThird—Estate,inselectingitsdeputiesamongmenoftherobe,wouldsecurethemightandtherighttotakethelead,toabolishnobilityandtocancelallitsrightsandprivileges;thatnobilitywouldnolongerbehereditary;thatallcitizens,indeservingit,wouldbeentitledtoclaimit;that,ifthepeopleelectedthem,theywouldhaveaccordedtotheThird—Estatewhateveritdesired,becausethecurates,belongingtotheThird—Estate,havingagreedtoseparatefromthehigherclergyandunitewiththem,thenoblesandtheclergy,unitedtogether,wouldhavebutonevoteagainsttwooftheThird—Estate……Ifthethird—Estatehadchosensensibletownspeopleormerchantstheywouldhavecombinedwithoutdifficultywiththeothertwoorders。

  Buttheassembliesofthebailiwicksandotherdistrictswerestuffedwithmenoftherobewhohadabsorbedallopinionsandstriventotakeprecedenceoftheothers,each,inhisownbehalf,intriguingandconspiringtobeappointedadeputy。\"

  \"InTouraine,\"writestheintendant,[21]\"mostofthevoteshavebeenbespokenorbeggedfor。Trustyagents,atthemomentofvoting,placedfilled—inballotsinthehandsofthevoters,andputintheirway,onreachingthetaverns,everydocumentandsuggestioncalculatedtoexcitetheirimaginationsanddeterminetheirchoiceforthegentryofthebar。\"

  \"InthesénéchauséeofLectoure,anumberofparisheshavenotbeendesignatedornotifiedtosendtheirreportsordeputiestothedistrictassembly。Inthosewhichwerenotifiedthelawyers,attorneysandnotariesofthesmallneighboringtownshavemadeupthelistofgrievancesthemselveswithoutsummoningthecommunity……Exactcopiesofthissingleroughdraftweremadeandsoldatahighpricetothecouncilsofeachcountryparish\"。—

  Thisisanalarmingsymptom,onemarkingoutinadvancetheroadtheRevolutionistotake:Themanofthepeopleisindoctrinatedbytheadvocate,thepikemanallowinghimselftobeledbythespokesman。[22]

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