Inthefifteenthcenturywondersincreased。In1418wehavetheLordofCaumont,whomakesapilgrimageandgivesusastatementwhichistheresultofthetheologicalreasoningofcenturies,andespeciallyinterestingasatypicalexampleofthetheologicalmethodincontrastwiththescientific。HecouldnotunderstandhowtheblessedwatersoftheJordancouldbeallowedtominglewiththeaccursedwatersoftheDeadSea。Inspite,then,oftheeyeofsense,hebeheldthewaterwiththeeyeoffaith,andcalmlyannouncedthattheJordanwaterpassesthroughthesea,butthatthetwomassesofwaterarenotmingled。AstothesaltstatueofLot’swife,hedeclaresittobestillexisting;and,copyingatableofindulgencesgrantedbytheChurchtopiouspilgrims,heputsdownthevisittothesaltstatueasgivinganindulgenceofsevenyears。
Towardtheendofthecenturywehaveanothertravelleryetmoreinfluential:BernardofBreydenbach,DeanofMainz。Hisbookoftravelswaspublishedin1486,atthefamouspressofSchoeffer,andinvarioustranslationsitwasspreadthroughEurope,exercisinganinfluencewideanddeep。HisfirstimportantnoticeoftheDeadSeaisasfollows:“Inthis,Tirustheserpentisfound,andfromhimtheTiriacmedicineismade。Heisblind,andsofullofvenomthatthereisnoremedyforhisbiteexceptcuttingoffthebittenpart。Hecanonlybetakenbystrikinghimandmakinghimangry;thenhisvenomfliesintohisheadandtail。”BreydenbachcallstheDeadSea“thechimneyofhell。”andrepeatstheoldstoryastothemiraculoussolventforitsbitumen。He,too,makesthestatementthattheholywateroftheJordandoesnotminglewiththeaccursedwateroftheinfernalsea,butincreasesthemiraclewhichCaumonthadannouncedbysayingthat,althoughthewatersappeartocometogether,theJordanisreallyabsorbedintheearthbeforeitreachesthesea。
AstoLot’swife,varioustravellersatthattimehadvariousfortunes。Some,likeCaumontandBreydenbach,tookhercontinuedexistenceforgranted;some,likeCountJohnofSolms,sawherandweregreatlyedified;some,likeHansWerli,triedtofindherandcouldnot,but,likeSt。Silvia,athousandyearsbefore,werenonethelessedifiedbytheideathat,forsomeinscrutablepurpose,theseahadbeenallowedtohideherfromthem;somefoundherlargerthantheyexpected,evenfortyfeethigh,aswasthesaltpillarwhichhappenedtobestandingatthevisitofCommanderLynchin1848;butthisonlyaddedanewprooftothemiracle,forthetextwasremembered,“Thereweregiantsinthosedays。”
OutofthemassofworksofpilgrimsduringthefifteenthcenturyIselectjustonemoreastypicalofthetheologicalviewthendominant,andthisisthenotedbookofFelixFabri,apreachingfriarofUlm。Iselecthim,becauseevensoeminentanauthorityinourowntimeasDr。EdwardRobinsondeclareshimtohavebeenthemostthorough,thoughtful,andenlightenedtravellerofthatcentury。
FabriisgreatlyimpressedbythewondersoftheDeadSea,andtypicalofhishonestyinfluencedbyfaithishisaccountoftheDeadSeafruit;hedescribesitwithalmostperfectaccuracy,butaddsthestatementthatwhenmatureitis“filledwithashesandcinders。”