Theseregularlyrecurringliberationesorliberaturaeastheyarecalled,thatis,mealsandprovenderdeliveredtothelabourers,havetheircounterpartinthecustomaryarrangementoftheamountandkindofservices。Ishallhavetospeakoftheirvarietiesandusualformsinanotherconnexion,butitmustbenoticednow,thatthesepeasantsunprotectedatlawwereundertheruleoforderlycustom。Wehaveseenalreadythatthepaymentsanddutieswhichfollowedfromthesubjectionofthevillainswereforthemostpartfixedaccordingtoconstantrulesineachparticularcase。Thesamemaybesaidoftheeconomicalpressureexercisedintheshapeofserviceandrent。Itdidnotdependonthecapriceofthelord,althoughitdependedtheoreticallyonhiswill。ThevillainsofamanorinLeicestershirearenotboundtoworkatweedingthedemesnefieldsunlessbytheirownconsent,thatisbyagreement。118*A
bakerbelongingtoGlastonburyAbbeyisnotboundtocarryloadsunlessacartisprovidedhim。119*AsurveyofElymentionsthatsomepeasantsaremadetokeepahedgeinorderasextraworkandwithoutbeingfed。Butitisaddedthatthejurorsofthevillageprotestagainstsuchanobligation,asheretoforeunheardof。120*Allthesecustomsandlimitationsmay,ofcourse,bebrokenandslightedbythelord,butsuchviolentactiononhispartwillbeconsideredasgrossinjustice,andmayleadtoconsequencesunpleasantforhim——toriotsanddesertion。
Itiscuriousthattheinfluenceofcustommakesitselffeltslowlybutsurelyamongthemostdebasedofthevillains。TheOxfordshireHundredRolltreatsforinstanceoftheserviofSwincombe。Theypaymerchet;ifanyofthemdieswithoutmakinghiswillthewholeofhismoveablepropertyfallstothelord。
Theyareindeeddegraded。Andstillthelorddoesnottallagethematpleasure,theyaresecureinthepossessionoftheirwaynagesalvocontenemento。121*
Wemaysumuptheresultsalreadyobtainedbyouranalysisofmanorialdocumentsinthefollowingpropositions:——