The Varieties of Religious Experience

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第78章

The Varieties of Religious Experience William James

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The Varieties of Religious Experience
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  Meanwhilethepracticalneedsandexperiencesofreligionseemtomesufficientlymetbythebeliefthatbeyondeachmanandinafashioncontinuouswithhimthereexistsalargerpowerwhichisfriendlytohimandtohisideals。Allthatthefactsrequireisthatthepowershouldbebothotherandlargerthanourconsciousselves。Anythinglargerwilldo,ifonlyitbelargeenoughtotrustforthenextstep。Itneednotbeinfinite,itneednotbesolitary。Itmightconceivablyevenbeonlyalargerandmoregodlikeself,ofwhichthepresentselfwouldthenbebutthemutilatedexpression,andtheuniversemightconceivablybeacollectionofsuchselves,ofdifferentdegreesofinclusiveness,withnoabsoluteunityrealizedinitatall。[364]Thuswouldasortofpolytheismreturnuponus——apolytheismwhichIdonotonthisoccasiondefend,formyonlyaimatpresentistokeepthetestimonyofreligiousexperienceclearlywithinitsproperbounds。[Comparep。130above。]

  SuchanotionissuggestedinmyIngersollLectureOnHumanImmortality,BostonandLondon,1899。

  Upholdersofthemonisticviewwillsaytosuchapolytheismwhich,bytheway,hasalwaysbeentherealreligionofcommonpeople,andissostillto-daythatunlesstherebeoneall-inclusiveGod,ourguaranteeofsecurityisleftimperfect。

  IntheAbsolute,andintheAbsoluteonly,ALLissaved。Iftherebedifferentgods,eachcaringforhispart,someportionofsomeofusmightnotbecoveredwithdivineprotection,andourreligiousconsolationwouldthusfailtobecomplete。Itgoesbacktowhatwassaidonpages129-131,aboutthepossibilityoftherebeingportionsoftheuniversethatmayirretrievablybelost。Commonsenseislesssweepinginitsdemandsthanphilosophyormysticismhavebeenwonttobe,andcansufferthenotionofthisworldbeingpartlysavedandpartlylost。Theordinarymoralisticstateofmindmakesthesalvationoftheworldconditionaluponthesuccesswithwhicheachunitdoesitspart。Partialandconditionalsalvationisinfactamostfamiliarnotionwhentakenintheabstract,theonlydifficultybeingtodeterminethedetails。Somemenareevendisinterestedenoughtobewillingtobeintheunsavedremnantasfarastheirpersonsgo,ifonlytheycanbepersuadedthattheircausewillprevail——allofusarewilling,wheneverouractivity-excitementrisessufficientlyhigh。Ithink,infact,thatafinalphilosophyofreligionwillhavetoconsiderthepluralistichypothesismoreseriouslythanithashithertobeenwillingtoconsiderit。Forpracticallifeatanyrate,theCHANCEofsalvationisenough。Nofactinhumannatureismorecharacteristicthanitswillingnesstoliveonachance。Theexistenceofthechancemakesthedifference,asEdmundGurneysays,betweenalifeofwhichthekeynoteisresignationandalifeofwhichthekeynoteishope。[365]Butallthesestatementsareunsatisfactoryfromtheirbrevity,andIcanonlysaythatI

  hopetoreturntothesamequestionsinanotherbook。

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