Bythisoperation，weseehowthetransportationofthebalancemaybecomethebusinessofthecreditorsofthenation-debtor:whichisacircumstancewehavenotasyetattendedto:afewwordswillexplainit。
Whenthecreditorsofthenation-debtorselltheirbills，theymustpaytheexchange，ashasbeensaid。Whentheydrawbillstotheorderofafriendintheplacewherethebalanceisowing，theysuperaddtheexchange。Thistheirdebtorspay:butthentheythemselvesmustbeatthetroubleandexpenceofbringinghomethemoney。
Itisfromthisalternativewhichbothpartieshaveofeithersendingwhattheyowetotheircreditorsinbullion，orofallowingthemtodrawforitattheadditionalexpenceofpayingtheexchange，thatacheckisputtotheextravagantprofitofexchangers:andfromthiscircumstanceariseallthedelicateoperationsofdrawingandremitting。
Intotheseweshallnotinquire:theprincipleonwhichtheydependappearssufficientlyplain，andthisistheprincipalobjectofourattention。
Iproceednowtoconsiderhowfarthosereciprocalprofitsandlosses，betweenmerchantsinthesamecountry，affectthetradeofitingeneral。