Cyprus, as I Saw it in 1879

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第10章

Cyprus, as I Saw it in 1879 Sir Samuel W。 Baker

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Cyprus, as I Saw it in 1879
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  FormanyyearsIhavetakenapeculiarinterestincottoncultivation,andin1870IintroducedtheexcellentEgyptianvariety,knownas“galleen,“intoCentralAfrica,andplanteditatGondokoro,northlatitude4degrees54\',withexcellentresults。Inthefirstyearthisgrewtotheheightofaboutsevenfeet,withaproportionatethicknessofstem,andthespreadingbranchesproducedanabundantcropofafinequality,whichdetacheditselffromtheseeds,immediatelyreducingtheoperationofthecleaning-machineor“cotton-gin“toaminimumoflabour。IhavebeenmuchstruckwiththeinferiorityofCypriancotton;

  scarcelyanyofthecropfindsitswaytoEngland,butisexportedtoMarseillesandTrieste。ShouldConsulLang\'ssuggestionbecarriedout,andthedutybetakenuponexporttorelievethegrowerfromthevexatiousdelaysoftheinquisitororgovernmentvaluer,therecanbenoquestionofimmediateimprovement。Thereisnomoretroubleorexpenseinproducingafirst-classcottonthaninthecommonestvariety,whenclimateandsoilaresopeculiarlyfavourableasinCyprus。Ifthegovernmentcontinuesthesystemofadvaloremtaxation,commonsensewillsuggestthatthehighestqualitywouldalikebefavourabletotherevenueandtothecultivator;therefore,intheinterestsofthecountryandofindividuals,everyencouragementshouldbeaffordedtothefarmerstoensurethebestofallspeciesofproducethroughouttheisland。TheexcellentcompilationofCaptainSavile,officiallyandexpresslyprintedfortheserviceofthegovernment,containsthefollowingpassages:——

  “AccordingtoallaccountsthetaxationoftheinhabitantsofCyprushasunderTurkishadministrationbeencarriedoutinamostsevereandoppressivemanner,andtheimpostsuponcertainarticlesofagricultureandcommercehavebeensoheavythattheircultureandexporthasinsomecasesbeenalmostabandoned……

  “Thecultivationofvinesforthemanufactureofwinehasbeensoheavilyandunjustlytaxed,thatagreatpartofthevineyardshaveoflateyearsbeenturnedtootherandmoreprofitablepurposes,orelsehavebeenabandoned,andconsequentlyabranchofagricultureforwhichtheislandisespeciallysuitedandaremunerativearticleofcommerceisneglectedandallowedtodecline。Anextensivedevelopmentofvineyardsandmanufactureofwineshouldbeencouraged,andwiththisobjectithasbeensuggestedthatitmightbewisetofreethisproductionfromallexceptexportduty。

  “Allusionhasalreadybeenmadetotheinjuriouseffectofthecollectionofthetithedimesuponcottonatthetimewhenthecropisgathered,insteadofatthetimeofshipment,andithasbeenexplainedhowtheformermethodpreventsthefarmersfromgrowingthebestandmostremunerativevarietiesoftheplant;thisisamatterthatrequirestheattentionoftheauthoritieswhenthere-adjustmentofthetaxesisconsidered。“

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