The Essays of Montaigne

第55章

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第55章

The Essays of Montaigne Michel de Montaigne

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The Essays of Montaigne
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  Ihavenothingminebutmyself,andyetthepossessionis,inpart,defectiveandborrowed。Ifortifymyselfbothincourage,whichisthestrongestassistant,andalsoinfortune,thereinwherewithtosatisfymyself,thougheverythingelseshouldforsakeme。HippiasofElisnotonlyfurnishedhimselfwithknowledge,thathemight,atneed,cheerfullyretirefromallothercompanytoenjoytheMuses:noronlywiththeknowledgeofphilosophy,toteachhissoultobecontentedwithitself,andbravelytosubsistwithoutoutwardconveniences,whenfatewouldhaveitso;hewas,moreover,socarefulastolearntocook,toshavehimself,tomakehisownclothes,hisownshoesanddrawers,toprovideforallhisnecessitiesinhimself,andtoweanhimselffromtheassistanceofothers。Amanmorefreelyandcheerfullyenjoysborrowedconveniences,whenitisnotanenjoymentforcedandconstrainedbyneed;

  andwhenhehas,inhisownwillandfortune,themeanstolivewithoutthem。Iknowmyselfverywell;but’tishardformetoimagineanysopureliberalityofanyonetowardsme,anysofrankandfreehospitality,thatwouldnotappeartomediscreditable,tyrannical,andtaintedwithreproach,ifnecessityhadreducedmetoit。Asgivingisanambitiousandauthoritativequality,soisacceptingaqualityofsubmission;

  witnesstheinsultingandquarrelsomerefusalthatBajazetmadeofthepresentsthatTamerlanesenthim;andthosethatwereofferedonthepartoftheEmperorSolymantotheEmperorofCalicut,soangeredhim,thathenotonlyrudelyrejectedthem,sayingthatneitherhenoranyofhispredecessorshadeverbeenwonttotake,andthatitwastheirofficetogive;but,moreover,causedtheambassadorssentwiththegiftstobeputintoadungeon。WhenThetis,saysAristotle,flattersJupiter,whentheLacedaemoniansflattertheAthenians,theydonotputtheminmindofthegoodtheyhavedonethem,whichisalwaysodious,butofthebenefitstheyhavereceivedfromthem。SuchasIseesofrequentlyemployeveryoneintheiraffairs,andthrustthemselvesintosomuchobligation,wouldneverdoit,didtheybutrelishasIdothesweetnessofapureliberty,anddidtheybutweigh,aswise:menshould,theburdenofobligation:’tissometimes,peradventure,fullypaid,but’tisneverdissolved。’Tisamiserableslaverytoamanwholovestobeatfulllibertyinallreapects。Suchasknowme,bothaboveandbelowmeinstation,areabletosaywhethertheyhaveeverknownamanlessimportuning,soliciting,entreating,andpressinguponothersthanI。

  IfIamso,andadegreebeyondallmodernexample,’tisnogreatwonder,somanypartsofmymannerscontributingtoit:alittlenaturalpride,animpatienceatbeingrefused,themoderationofmydesiresanddesigns,myincapacityforbusiness,andmymostbelovedqualities,idlenessandfreedom;byallthesetogetherIhaveconceivedamortalhatredtobeingobligedtoanyother,orbyanyotherthanmyself。Ileavenostoneunturned,todowithoutit,ratherthanemploythebountyofanotherinanylightorimportantoccasionornecessitywhatever。Myfriendsstrangelytroublemewhentheyaskmetoaskathirdperson;andIthinkitcostsmelittlelesstodisengagehimwhoisindebtedtome,bymakinguseofhim,thantoengagemyselftohimwhoowesmenothing。Theseconditionsbeingremoved,andprovidedtheyrequireofmenothingifanygreattroubleorcare(forIhavedeclaredmortalwaragainstallcare),IamveryreadytodoeveryonethebestserviceIcan。Ihavebeenverywillingtoseekoccasiontodopeopleagoodturn,andtoattachthemtome;andmethinksthereisnomoreagreeableemploymentforourmeans。

  ButIhaveyetmoreavoidedreceivingthansoughtoccasionsofgiving,andmoreover,accordingtoAristotle,itismoreeasy。,Myfortunehasallowedmebutlittletodoothersgoodwithal,andthelittleitcanafford,isputintoaprettyclosehand。HadIbeenbornagreatperson,Ishouldhavebeenambitioustohavemademyselfbeloved,nottomakemyselffearedoradmired:shallImoreplainlyexpressit?Ishouldmorehaveendeavouredtopleasethantoprofitothers。Cyrusverywisely,andbythemouthofagreatcaptain,andstillgreaterphilosopher,prefershisbountyandbenefitsmuchbeforehisvalourandwarlikeconquests;

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