The Essays of Montaigne

第20章

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第20章

The Essays of Montaigne Michel de Montaigne

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The Essays of Montaigne
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  Wemustbreaktheknotofourobligations,howstrongsoever,andhereafterlovethisorthat,butespousenothingbutourselves:thatistosay,lettheremainderbeourown,butnotsojoinedandsocloseasnottobeforcedawaywithoutflayingusortearingoutpartofourwhole。Thegreatestthingintheworldisforamantoknowthatheishisown。’Tistimetoweanourselvesfromsocietywhenwecannolongeraddanythingtoit;hewhoisnotinaconditiontolendmustforbidhimselftoborrow。Ourforcesbegintofailus;letuscalltheminandconcentratetheminandforourselves。Hethatcancastoffwithinhimselfandresolvetheofficesoffriendshipandcompany,lethimdoit。

  Inthisdecayofnaturewhichrendershimuseless,burdensome,andimportunatetoothers,lethimtakecarenottobeuseless,burdensome,andimportunatetohimself。Lethimsootheandcaresshimself,andaboveallthingsbesuretogovernhimselfwithreverencetohisreasonandconsciencetothatdegreeastobeashamedtomakeafalsestepintheirpresence:

  \"Rarumestenim,utsatissequisquevereatur。\"

  [\"For’tisrarelyseenthatmenhaverespectandreverenceenoughforthemselves。\"——Quintilian,x。7。]

  Socratessaysthatboysaretocausethemselvestobeinstructed,mentoexercisethemselvesinwell—doing,andoldmentoretirefromallcivilandmilitaryemployments,livingattheirowndiscretion,withouttheobligationtoanyoffice。Therearesomecomplexionsmoreproperforthesepreceptsofretirementthanothers。Suchasareofasoftanddullapprehension,andofatenderwillandaffection,notreadilytobesubduedoremployed,whereofIamone,bothbynaturalconditionandbyreflection,willsoonerinclinetothisadvicethanactiveandbusysouls,whichembrace:all,engageinall,arehotuponeverything,whichoffer,present,andgivethemselvesuptoeveryoccasion。Wearetousetheseaccidentalandextraneouscommodities,sofarastheyarepleasanttous,butbynomeanstolayourprincipalfoundationthere;’tisnotrueone;neithernaturenorreasonallowsitsotobe。Whythereforeshouldwe,contrarytotheirlaws,enslaveourowncontentmenttothepowerofanother?Toanticipatealsotheaccidentsoffortune,todepriveourselvesoftheconvenienceswehaveinourownpower,asseveralhavedoneupontheaccountofdevotion,andsomephilosophersbyreasoning;tobeone’sownservant,toliehard,toputoutourowneyes,tothrowourwealthintotheriver,togoinsearchofgrief;these,bythemiseryofthislife,aimingatblissinanother;thosebylayingthemselveslowtoavoidthedangeroffalling:allsuchareactsofanexcessivevirtue。Thestoutestandmostresolutenaturesrendereventheirseclusiongloriousandexemplary:

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