The Higher Learning in America

第13章

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第13章

The Higher Learning in America Thorstein Veblen

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The Higher Learning in America
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  ThisincursionofpecuniaryidealsinacademicpolicyisseenatitsbroadestandbaldestintheSchoolsofCommerce,——

  \"CommerceandPolitics,\"\"BusinessTraining,\"\"CommerceandAdministration,\"\"CommerceandFinance,\"orwhatevermaybethephraseselectedtodesignatethesupersessionoflearningbyworldlywisdom。Facilityincompetitivebusinessistotaketheplaceofscholarship,asthegoalofuniversitytraining,because,itisalleged,theformeristhemoreuseful。TherulinginterestofChristendom,inthisview,ispecuniarygain。Andtrainingforcommercialmanagementstandstothisrulinginterestofthemoderncommunityinarelationanalogoustothatinwhichtheologyandhomileticsstoodtotherulinginterestinthoseearliertimeswhenthesalvationofmen’ssoulswastheprimeobjectofsolicitude。Suchaseminaryofbusinesshassomethingofasacerdotaldignity。Itistheappointedkeeperofthehigherbusinessanimus。(7*)

  Suchaschool,withitscorpsofinstructorsanditsequipment,standsintheuniversityonatenuresimilartothatofthedivinityschool。Bothschoolsareequallyextraneoustothat\"intellectualenterprise\"inbehalfofwhich,ostensibly,theuniversityismaintained。Butwhilethedivinityschoolbelongstotheoldorderandislosingitspreferentialholdonthecorporationoflearning,theschoolofcommercebelongstotheneworderandisgainingground。Theprimacyamongpragmaticinterestshaspassedfromreligiontobusiness,andtheschoolofcommerceistheexponentandexpositorofthisprimacy。Itistheperfectflowerofthesecularizationoftheuniversities。Andashasalreadybeenremarkedabove,thereisalsoawide—sweepingmovementafoottobendtheordinarycurriculumofthehigherschoolstotheserviceofthiscultofbusinessprinciples,andsotomaketheordinaryinstructionconvergetotheadvancementofbusinessenterprise,verymuchasitwasoncedutifullyarrangedthatthehigherinstructionshouldbesubservienttoreligiousteachingandconsonantwiththedemandsofdevoutobservancesandcreeds。

  ItisnotthattheCollegeofCommercestandsaloneastheexponentofworldlywisdominthemodernuniversities;norisitspositioninthisrespectsingular,exceptinthedegreeofitsremotenessfromallproperlyacademicinterests。Othertrainingschools,asinengineeringandintheotherprofessions,belongunderthesamegeneralcategoryofpracticalaims,ascontrastedwiththeaimsofthehigherlearning。ButtheCollegeofCommercestandsoutpre—eminentamongthesevarioustrainingschoolsintworespects:(a)Whilethegreatproportionoftrainingfortheotherprofessionsdrawslargelyontheresultsofmodernscienceforwaysandmeans,andthereforeincludesorpresumesadegreeoffamiliaritywiththework,aimsandmethodsofthesciences,sothattheseschoolshavesomuchofabondofcommunitywiththehigherlearning,theschoolofcommerceontheotherhandneedscarcelytakecognizanceoftheachievementsofscience,norneeditpresumeanydegreeofacquaintanceonthepartofitsstudentsoradeptswiththematterorlogicofthesciences;(8*)

  (b)invaryingdegrees,theproficiencygivenbytrainingintheotherprofessionalschools,andrequiredfortheefficientpursuitoftheotherprofessions,maybeserviceabletothecommunityatlarge;whereasthebusinessproficiencyinculcatedbytheschoolsofcommercehasnosuchserviceability,beingdirectedsinglytoafacilecommandofthewaysandmeansofprivategain。(9*)Thetrainingthatleadsuptotheseveralotherprofessions,ofcourse,variesgreatlyinrespectofitsdraughtonscientificinformation,aswellasinthedegreeofitsserviceabilitytothecommunity;someoftheprofessions,as,e。

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