A Theologico-Political Treatise

第10章

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第10章

A Theologico-Political Treatise Benedict de Spinoza

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A Theologico-Political Treatise
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  23WemayarriveatthesameconclusionfromobservingthatweneverreadthattheApostleswerecommandedtowrite,butonlythattheywenteverywherepreaching,andconfirmedtheirwordswithsigns。24TheirpersonalpresenceandsignswereabsolutelynecessaryfortheconversionandestablishmentinreligionoftheGentiles;asPaulhimselfexpresslystatesinRom。i:11,\"ButIlongtoseeyou,thatImayimparttoyousomespiritualgift,totheendthatyemaybeestablished。\"

  25ItmaybeobjectedthatwemightproveinsimilarfashionthattheApostlesdidnotpreachasprophets,fortheydidnotgotoparticularplaces,astheprophetsdid,bythecommandofGod。26WereadintheOldTestamentthatJonahwenttoNinevehtopreach,andatthesametimethathewasexpresslysentthere,andtoldthathemostpreach。

  27Soalsoitisrelated,atgreatlength,ofMosesthathewenttoEgyptasthemessengerofGod,andwastoldatthesametimewhatheshouldsaytothechildrenofIsraelandtokingPharaoh,andwhatwondersheshouldworkbeforethemtogivecredittohiswords。28Isaiah,Jeremiah,andEzekielwereexpresslycommandedtopreachtotheIsraelites。Lastly,theprophetsonlypreachedwhatweareassuredbyScripturetheyhadreceivedfromGod,whereasthisishardlyeversaidoftheApostlesintheNewTestament,whentheywentabouttopreach。29Onthecontrary,wefindpassagesexpresslyimplyingthattheApostleschosetheplaceswheretheyshouldpreachontheirownresponsibility,fortherewasadifferenceamountingtoaquarrelbetweenPaulandBarnabasonthesubjectActsxv:37,38。30Oftentheywishedtogotoaplace,butwereprevented,asPaulwrites,Rom。i:13,\"OftentimesIpurposedtocometoyou,butwaslethitherto;\"andinICor。xvi:12,\"AstouchingourbrotherApollos,Igreatlydesiredhimtocomeuntoyouwiththebrethren,buthiswillwasnotatalltocomeatthistime:buthewillcomewhenheshallhaveconvenienttime。\"

  31FromtheseexpressionsanddifferencesofopinionamongtheApostles,andalsofromthefactthatScripturenowheretestifiesofthem,asoftheancientprophets,thattheywentbythecommandofGod,onemightconcludethattheypreachedaswellaswroteintheircapacityofteachers,andnotasprophets:butthequestioniseasilysolvedifweobservethedifferencebetweenthemissionofanApostleandthatofanOldTestamentprophet。32

  Thelatterwerenotcalledtopreachandprophesytoallnations,buttocertainspecifiedones,andthereforeanexpressandpeculiarmandatewasrequiredforeachofthem;theApostles,ontheotherhand,werecalledtopreachtoallmenabsolutely,andtoturnallmentoreligion。33

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