Inthefirstplace，hemakesadistinctionbetween’thecaseofthedivinerwhohasrecoursetoastrologyandothernaturalmeans，andthatofanotherwhoemploysthediabolicalart。Intheonecase，hesays，thedivinerisboundtomakerestitution；intheotherheisnot。’Now，guesswhichofthemisthepartybound？\"
\"Itisnotdifficulttofindoutthat，\"saidI。
\"Iseewhatyoumeantosay，\"hereplied。\"Youthinkthatheoughttomakerestitutioninthecaseofhishavingemployedtheagencyofdemons。Butyouknownothingaboutit；itisjustthereverse。’If，’
saysSanchez，’thesorcererhasnottakencareandpainstodiscover，bymeansofthedevil，whathecouldnothaveknownotherwise，hemustmakerestitution—sinullamoperamapposuitutartediaboliidsciret，butifhehasbeenatthattrouble，heisnotobliged。’\"
\"Andwhyso，father？\"
\"Don’tyouSee？\"returnedhe。\"Itisbecausemenmaytrulydivinebytheaidofthedevil，whereasastrologyisameresham。\"
\"But，sir，shouldthedevilhappennottotellthetruth（andheisnotmuchmoretobetrustedthanastrology），themagicianmust，I
shouldthink，forthesamereason，beobligedtomakerestitution？\"
\"Notalways，\"repliedthemonk：\"Distinguo，asSanchezsays，here。
Ifthemagicianbeignorantofthediabolicart—sisitartisdiabolicaeignarus—heisboundtorestore：butifheisanexpertsorcerer，andhasdoneallinhispowertoarriveatthetruth，theobligationceases；fortheindustryofsuchamagicianmaybeestimatedatacertainsumofmoney。’\"
\"Thereissomesenseinthat，\"Isaid；\"forthisisanexcellentplantoinducesorcererstoaimatproficiencyintheirart，inthehopeofmakinganhonestlivelihood，asyouwouldsay，byfaithfullyservingthepublic。\"
\"Youaremakingajestofit，Isuspect，\"saidthefather：\"thatisverywrong。Ifyouweretotalkinthatwayinplaceswhereyouwerenotknown，somepeoplemighttakeitamissandchargeyouwithturningsacredsubjectsintoridicule。\"
\"That，father，isachargefromwhichIcouldveryeasilyvindicatemyself；forcertainIamthatwhoeverwillbeatthetroubletoexaminethetruemeaningofmywordswillfindmyobjecttobepreciselythereverse；andperhaps，sir，beforeourconversationsareended，Imayfindanopportunityofmakingthisveryamplyapparent。\"
\"Ho，ho，\"criedthemonk，\"thereisnolaughinginyourheadnow。\"
\"Iconfess，\"saidI，\"thatthesuspicionthatIintendedtolaughatthingssacredwouldbeaspainfulformetoincurasitwouldbeunjustinanytoentertainit。\"
\"Ididnotsayitinearnest，\"returnedthefather；\"butletusspeakmoreseriously。\"
\"Iamquitedisposedtodoso，ifyoupreferit；thatdependsuponyou，father。ButImustsay，thatIhavebeenastonishedtoseeyourfriendscarryingtheirattentionstoallsortsandconditionsofmensofaraseventoregulatethelegitimategainsofsorcerers。\"
\"Onecannotwritefortoomanypeople，\"saidthemonk，\"norbetoominuteinparticularisingcases，norrepeatthesamethingstoooftenindifferentbooks。Youmaybeconvincedofthisbythefollowinganecdote，whichisrelatedbyoneofthegravestofourfathers，asyoumaywellsuppose，seeingheisourpresentProvincial—
thereverendFatherCellot：’Weknowaperson，’sayshe，’whowascarryingalargesumofmoney’inhispockettorestoreit，inobediencetotheordersofhisconfessor，andwho，steppingintoabookseller’sshopbytheway，inquirediftherewasanythingnew？—
numquidnovi？—whenthebooksellershowedhimabookonmoraltheology，recentlypublished；andturningovertheleavescarelessly，andwithoutreflection，helighteduponapassagedescribinghisowncase，andsawthathewasundernoobligationtomakerestitution：uponwhich，relievedfromtheburdenofhisscruples，hereturnedhomewithapursenolessheavy，andaheartmuchlighter，thanwhenheleftit—abjectascrupulisarcina，retentoauripondere，leviordomumrepetiit。’
\"Say，afterhearingthat，ifitisusefulornottoknowourmaxims？Willyoulaughatthemnow？orrather，areyounotpreparedtojoinwithFatherCellotinthepiousreflectionwhichhemakesontheblessednessofthatincident？’Accidentsofthatkind，’heremarks，’are，withGod，theeffectofhisprovidence；withtheguardianangel，theeffectofhisgoodguidance；withtheindividualstowhomtheyhappen，theeffectoftheirpredestination。
Fromalleternity，Goddecidedthatthegoldenchainoftheirsalvationshoulddependonsuchandsuchanauthor，andnotuponahundredotherswhosaythesamething，becausetheyneverhappentomeetwiththem。Hadthatmannotwritten，thismanwouldnothavebeensaved。All，therefore，whofindfaultwiththemultitudeofourauthors，wewouldbeseech，inthebowelsofJesusChrist，tobewareofenvyingothersthosebookswhichtheeternalelectionofGodandthebloodofJesusChristhavepurchasedforthem！’Sucharetheeloquenttermsinwhichthislearnedmanprovessuccessfullythepropositionwhichhehadadvanced，namely，’Howusefulitmustbetohaveagreatmanywritersonmoraltheology—quamutilesitdetheologiamoralimultosscribere！’\"
\"Father，\"saidI，\"Ishalldefergivingyoumyopinionofthatpassagetoanotheropportunity；inthemeantime，Ishallonlysaythatasyourmaximsaresouseful，andasitissoimportanttopublishthem，yououghttocontinuetogivemefurtherinstructioninthem。
ForIcanassureyouthatthepersontowhomIsendthemshowsmyletterstoagreatmanypeople。Notthatweintendtoavailourselvesoftheminourowncase；but，indeed，wethinkitwillbeusefulfortheworldtobeinformedaboutthem。\"
\"Verywell，\"rejoinedthemonk，\"youseeIdonotconcealthem；
and，incontinuation，Iamreadytofurnishyou，atournextinterview，withanaccountofthecomfortsandindulgenceswhichourfathersallow，withtheviewofrenderingsalvationeasy，anddevotionagreeable；sothat，inadditiontowhatyouhavehithertolearnedastoparticularconditionsofmen，youmaylearnwhatappliesingeneraltoallclasses，andthusyouwillhavegonethroughacompletecourseofinstruction。\"Sosaying，themonktookhisleaveofme。I
am，&；c。
P。S。IhavealwaysforgottotellyouthattherearedifferenteditionsofEscobar。Shouldyouthinkofpurchasinghim，IwouldadviseyoutochoosetheLyonsedition，havingonthetitlepagethedeviceofalamblyingonabooksealedwithsevenseals；ortheBrusselseditionof1651。BothofthesearebetterandlargerthanthepreviouseditionspublishedatLyonsintheyears1644and1646。
LETTERIXParis，July3，1656SIR，IshalluseaslittleceremonywithyouastheworthymonkdidwithmewhenIsawhimlast。Themomentheperceivedme，hecameforward，withhiseyesfixedonabookwhichheheldinhishand，andaccostedmethus：\"’Wouldyounotbeinfinitelyobligedtoanyonewhoshouldopentoyouthegatesofparadise？Wouldyounotgivemillionsofgoldtohaveakeybywhichyoumightgainadmittancewheneveryouthoughtproper？Youneednotbeatsuchexpense；hereisone—hereareahundredformuchlessmoney。’\"AtfirstIwasatalosstoknowwhetherthegoodfatherwasreading，ortalkingtome，buthesoonputthematterbeyonddoubtbyadding：\"These，sir，aretheopeningwordsofafinebook，writtenbyFatherBarryofourSociety；forInevergiveyouanythingofmyown。\"
\"Whatbookisit？\"askedI。\"Hereisitstitle，\"hereplied：\"ParadiseopenedtoPhilagio，inaHundredDevotionstotheMotherofGod，easilypractised。\"\"Indeed，father！andiseachoftheseeasydevotionsasufficientpassporttoheaven？\"\"Itis，\"returnedhe。\"Listentowhatfollows：’ThedevotionstotheMotherofGod，whichyouwillfindinthisbook，aresomanycelestialkeys，whichwillopenwidetoyouthegatesofparadise，providedyoupractisethem’；and，accordingly，hesaysattheconclusion，’thatheissatisfiedifyoupractiseonlyoneofthem。’\"\"Pray，then，father，doteachmeoneoftheeasiestofthem。\"\"Theyarealleasy，\"hereplied，\"forexample—’SalutingtheHolyVirginwhenyouhappentomeetherimage—sayingthelittlechapletofthepleasuresoftheVirgin—ferventlypronouncingthenameofMary—commissioningtheangelstobowtoherforus—wishingtobuildherasmanychurchesasallthemonarchsonearthhavedone—biddinghergoodmorroweverymorning，andgoodnightintheevening—sayingtheAveMariaeveryday，inhonouroftheheartofMary’—
whichlastdevotion，hesays，possessestheadditionalvirtueofsecuringustheheartoftheVirgin。\"\"But，father，\"saidI，\"onlyprovidedwegiveherourowninreturn，Ipresume？\"\"That，\"hereplied，\"isnotabsolutelynecessary，whenapersonistoomuchattachedtotheworld。HearFatherBarry：’Heartforheartwould，nodoubt，behighlyproper；butyoursisrathertoomuchattachedtotheworld，toomuchboundupinthecreature，sothatIdarenotadviseyoutooffer，atpresent，thatpoorlittleslavewhichyoucallyourheart。’AndsohecontentshimselfwiththeAveMariawhichhehadprescribed。\"\"Why，thisisextremelyeasywork，\"saidI，\"andIshouldreallythinkthatnobodywillbedamnedafterthat。\"\"Alas！\"saidthemonk，\"Iseeyouhavenoideaofthehardnessofsomepeople’shearts。
Therearesome，sir，whowouldneverengagetorepeat，everyday，eventhesesimplewords，Goodday，Goodevening，justbecausesuchapracticewouldrequiresomeexertionofmemory。And，accordingly，itbecamenecessaryforFatherBarrytofurnishthemwithexpedientsstilleasier，suchaswearingachapletnightanddayonthearm，intheformofabracelet，orcarryingaboutone’spersonarosary，oranimageoftheVirgin。’And，tellmenow，’asFatherBarrysays，’ifIhavenotprovidedyouwitheasydevotionstoobtainthegoodgracesofMary？’\"\"Extremelyeasyindeed，father，\"Iobserved。\"Yes，\"hesaid，\"itisasmuchascouldpossiblybedone，andIthinkshouldbequitesatisfactory。Forhemustbeawretchedcreatureindeed，whowouldnotspareasinglemomentinallhislifetimetoputachapletonhisarm，orarosaryinhispocket，andthussecurehissalvation；andthat，too，withsomuchcertaintythatnonewhohavetriedtheexperimenthaveeverfoundittofail，inwhateverwaytheymayhavelived；though，letmeadd，weexhortpeoplenottoomitholyliving。
Letmereferyoutotheexampleofthis，givenatp。34；itisthatofafemalewho，whileshepractiseddailythedevotionofsalutingtheimagesoftheVirgin，spentallherdaysinmortalsin，andyetwassavedafterall，bythemeritofthatsingledevotion。\"\"Andhowso？\"criedI。\"OurSaviour，\"hereplied，\"raisedherupagain，fortheverypurposeofshowingit。Socertainitisthatnonecanperishwhopractiseanyoneofthesedevotions。\"\"Mydearsir，\"Iobserved，\"IamfullyawarethatthedevotionstotheVirginareapowerfulmeansofsalvation，andthattheleastofthem，ifflowingfromtheexerciseoffaithandcharity，asinthecaseofthesaintswhohavepractisedthem，areofgreatmerit；buttomakepersonsbelievethat，bypractisingthesewithoutreformingtheirwickedlives，theywillbeconvertedbythematthehourofdeath，orthatGodwillraisethemupagain，doesappearcalculatedrathertokeepsinnersgoingonintheirevilcourses，bydeludingthemwithfalsepeaceandfoolhardyconfidence，thantodrawthemofffromsinbythatgenuineconversionwhichgracealonecaneffect。\"\"Whatdoesitmatter，\"repliedthemonk，\"bywhatroadweenterparadise，providedwedoenterit？asourfamousFatherBinet，formerlyourProvincial，remarksonasimilarsubject，inhisexcellentbook，OntheMarkofPredestination。’Beitbyhookorbycrook，’ashesays，’whatneedwecare，ifwereachatlastthecelestialcity。’\"\"Granted，\"
saidI；\"butthegreatquestionisifwewillgetthereatall。\"\"TheVirginwillbeanswerableforthat，\"returnedhe；\"sosaysFatherBarryintheconcludinglinesofhisbook：’Ifatthehourofdeath，theenemyshouldhappentoputinsomeclaimuponyou，andoccasiondisturbanceinthelittlecommonwealthofyourthoughts，youhaveonlytosaythatMarywillanswerforyou，andthathemustmakehisapplicationtoher。’\"\"But，father，itmightbepossibletopuzzleyou，wereonedisposedtopushthequestionalittlefurther。Who，forexample，hasassuredusthattheVirginwillbeanswerableinthiscase？\"\"FatherBarrywillbeanswerableforher，\"
hereplied。\"’Asfortheprofitandhappinesstobederivedfromthesedevotions，’hesays，’Iwillbeanswerableforthat；IwillstandbailforthegoodMother。’\"\"But，father，whoistobeanswerableforFatherBarry？\"\"How！\"criedthemonk；\"forFatherBarry？ishenotamemberofourSociety；anddoyouneedtobetoldthatourSocietyisanswerableforallthebooksofitsmembers？Itishighlynecessaryandimportantforyoutoknowaboutthis。ThereisanorderinourSociety，bywhichallbooksellersareprohibitedfromprintinganyworkofourfatherswithouttheapprobationofourdivinesandthepermissionofoursuperiors。ThisregulationwaspassedbyHenryIII，10thMay1583，andconfirmedbyHenryIV，20thDecember1603，andbyLouisXIII，14thFebruary1612；sothatthewholeofourbodystandsresponsibleforthepublicationsofeachofthebrethren。Thisisafeaturequitepeculiartoourcommunity。And，inconsequenceofthis，notasingleworkemanatesfromuswhichdoesnotbreathethespiritoftheSociety。That，sir，isapieceofinformationquiteapropos。\"\"Mygoodfather，\"saidI，\"youobligemeverymuch，andIonlyregretthatIdidnotknowthissooner，asitwillinducemetopayconsiderablymoreattentiontoyourauthors。\"\"Iwouldhavetoldyousooner，\"hereplied，\"hadanopportunityoffered；Ihope，however，youwillprofitbytheinformationinfuture，and，inthemeantime，letusprosecuteoursubject。ThemethodsofsecuringsalvationwhichIhavementionedare，inmyopinion，veryeasy，verysure，andsufficientlynumerous；butitwastheanxiouswishofourdoctorsthatpeopleshouldnotstopshortatthisfirststep，wheretheyonlydowhatisabsolutelynecessaryforsalvationandnothingmore。Aspiring，astheydowithoutceasing，afterthegreatergloryofGod，theysoughttoelevatementoahigherpitchofpiety；and，asmenoftheworldaregenerallydeterredfromdevotionbythestrangeideastheyhavebeenledtoformofitbysomepeople，wehavedeemeditofthehighestimportancetoremovethisobstaclewhichmeetsusatthethreshold。InthisdepartmentFatherLeMoinehasacquiredmuchfame，byhisworkentitledDevotionMadeEasy，composedforthisverypurpose。Thepicturewhichhedrawsofdevotioninthisworkisperfectlycharming。Noneeverunderstoodthesubjectbeforehim。Onlyhearwhathesaysinthebeginningofhiswork：’Virtuehasneverasyetbeenseenaright；
noportraitofherhithertoproduced，hasbornetheleastverisimilitude。
Itisbynomeanssurprisingthatsofewhaveattemptedtoscaleherrockyeminence。Shehasbeenheldupasacross—tempereddame，whoseonlydelightisinsolitude；shehasbeenassociatedwithtoilandsorrow；and，inshort，representedasthefoeofsportsanddiversions，whichare，infact，theflowersofjoyandtheseasoningoflife。’\"\"But，father，Iamsure，I
haveheard，atleast，thattherehavebeengreatsaintswholedextremelyausterelives。\"\"Nodoubtofthat，\"hereplied；\"butstill，tousethelanguageofthedoctor，’therehavealwaysbeenanumberofgenteelsaints，andwell—breddevotees’；andthisdifferenceintheirmanners，markyou，arisesentirelyfromadifferenceofhumours。’Iamfarfromdenying，’
saysmyauthor，’thattherearedevoutpersonstobemetwith，paleandmelancholyintheirtemperament，fondofsilenceandretirement，withphlegminsteadofbloodintheirveins，andwithfacesofclay；buttherearemanyothersofahappiercomplexion，andwhopossessthatsweetandwarmhumour，thatgenialandrectifiedblood，whichisthetruestuffthatjoyismadeof。’\"Yousee，\"resumedthemonk，\"thattheloveofsilenceandretirementisnotcommontoalldevoutpeople；andthat，asIwassaying，thisistheeffectratheroftheircomplexionthantheirpiety。Thoseausteremannerstowhichyoureferare，infact，properlythecharacterofasavageandbarbarian，and，accordingly，youwillfindthemrankedbyFatherLeMoineamongtheridiculousandbrutalmannersofamopingidiot。ThefollowingisthedescriptionhehasdrawnofoneoftheseintheseventhbookofhisMoralPictures。’Hehasnoeyesforthebeautiesofartornature。
Werehetoindulgeinanythingthatgavehimpleasure，hewouldconsiderhimselfoppressedwithagrievousload。Onfestivaldays，heretirestoholdfellowshipwiththedead。Hedelightsinagrottoratherthanapalace，andprefersthestumpofatreetoathrone。Astoinjuriesandaffronts，heisasinsensibletothemasifhehadtheeyesandearsofastatue。
Honourandgloryareidolswithwhomhehasnoacquaintance，andtowhomhehasnoincensetooffer。Tohimabeautifulwomanisnobetterthanaspectre；andthoseimperialandcommandinglooks—thosecharmingtyrantswhoholdsomanyslavesinwillingandchainlessservitude—havenomoreinfluenceoverhisopticsthanthesunoverthoseofowls，’&；c。\"\"Reverendsir，\"saidI，\"hadyounottoldmethatFatherLeMoinewastheauthorofthatdescription，IdeclareIwouldhaveguessedittobetheproductionofsomeprofanefellowwhohaddrawnitexpresslywiththeviewofturningthesaintsintoridicule。ForifthatisnotthepictureofamanentirelydeniedtothosefeelingswhichtheGospelobligesustorenounce，IconfessthatIknownothingofthematter。\"\"Youmaynowperceive，then，theextentofyourignorance，\"hereplied；\"forthesearethefeaturesofafeeble，uncultivatedmind，’destituteofthosevirtuousandnaturalaffectionswhichitoughttopossess，’asFatherLeMoinesaysatthecloseofthatdescription。Suchishiswayofteaching’Christianvirtueandphilosophy，’
asheannouncesinhisadvertisement；and，intruth，itcannotbedeniedthatthismethodoftreatingdevotionismuchmoreagreeabletothetasteoftheworldthantheoldwayinwhichtheywenttoworkbeforeourtimes。\"
\"Therecanbenocomparisonbetweenthem，\"wasmyreply，\"andInowbegintohopethatyouwillbeasgoodasyourword。\"\"Youwillseethatbetterby—and—by，\"returnedthemonk。\"HithertoIhaveonlyspokenofpietyingeneral，but，justtoshowyoumoreindetailhowourfathershavedisencumbereditofitstoilsandtroubles，woulditnotbemostconsolingtotheambitioustolearnthattheymaymaintaingenuinedevotionalongwithaninordinateloveofgreatness？\"\"What，father！eventhoughtheyshouldruntotheutmostexcessofambition？\"\"Yes，\"hereplied；\"forthiswouldbeonlyavenialsin，unlesstheysoughtaftergreatnessinordertooffendGodandinjuretheStatemoreeffectually。Nowvenialsinsdonotprecludeamanfrombeingdevout，asthegreatestsaintsarenotexemptfromthem。’Ambition，’
saysEscobar，’whichconsistsinaninordinateappetiteforplaceandpower，isofitselfavenialsin；butwhensuchdignitiesarecovetedforthepurposeofhurtingthecommonwealth，orhavingmoreopportunitytooffendGod，theseadventitiouscircumstancesrenderitmortal。’\"\"Verysavourydoctrine，indeed，father。\"\"Andisitnotstillmoresavoury，\"continuedthemonk，\"formiserstobetold，bythesameauthority，’thatthericharenotguiltyofmortalsinbyrefusingtogivealmsoutoftheirsuperfluitytothepoorinthehouroftheirgreatestneed？—scioingravipauperumnecessitatedivitesnondandosuperflua，nonpeccaremortaliter。’\"\"Whytruly，\"saidI，\"ifthatbethecase，Igiveupallpretensiontoskillinthescienceofsins。\"\"Tomakeyoustillmoresensibleofthis，\"returnedhe，\"youhavebeenaccustomedtothink，Isuppose，thatagoodopinionofone’sself，andacomplacencyinone’sownworks，isamostdangeroussin？Now，willyounotbesurprisedifIcanshowyouthatsuchagoodopinion，eventhoughthereshouldbenofoundationforit，issofarfrombeingasinthatitis，onthecontrary，thegiftofGod？\"\"Isitpossible，father？\"\"Thatitis，\"saidthemonk；\"andourgoodFatherGarasseshowsitinhisFrenchwork，entitledSummaryoftheCapitalTruthsofReligion：
’Itisaresultofcommutativejusticethatallhonestlabourshouldfinditsrecompenseeitherinpraiseorinself—satisfaction。Whenmenofgoodtalentspublishsomeexcellentwork，theyarejustlyremuneratedbypublicapplause。Butwhenamanofweakpartshaswroughthardatsomeworthlessproduction，andfailstoobtainthepraiseofthepublic，inorderthathislabourmaynotgowithoutitsreward，Godimpartstohimapersonalsatisfaction，whichitwouldbeworsethanbarbarousinjusticetoenvyhim。ItisthusthatGod，whoisinfinitelyjust，hasgiveneventofrogsacertaincomplacencyintheirowncroaking。’\"\"Veryfinedecisionsinfavourofvanity，ambition，andavarice！\"criedI；\"andenvy，father，willitbemoredifficulttofindanexcuseforit？\"\"Thatisadelicatepoint，\"
hereplied。\"WerequiretomakeusehereofFatherBauny’sdistinction，whichhelaysdowninhisSummaryofSins。—’Envyofthespiritualgoodofourneighbourismortalbutenvyofhistemporalgoodisonlyvenial。’\"
\"Andwhyso，father？\"\"Youshallhear，saidhe。\"’Forthegoodthatconsistsintemporalthingsissoslender，andsoinsignificantinrelationtoheaven，thatitisofnoconsiderationintheeyesofGodandHissaints。’\"\"But，father，iftemporalgoodissoslender，andofsolittleconsideration，howdoyoucometopermitmen’slivestobetakenawayinordertopreserveit？\"\"Youmistakethematterentirely，\"returnedthemonk；\"youweretoldthattemporalgoodwasofnoconsiderationintheeyesofGod，butnotintheeyesofmen。\"\"Thatideaneveroccurredtome，\"Ireplied；\"andnow，itistobehopedthat，invirtueofthesesamedistinctions，theworldwillgetridofmortalsinsaltogether。\"\"Donotflatteryourselfwiththat，\"saidthefather；\"therearestillsuchthingsasmortalsins—
thereissloth，forexample。\"\"Nay，then，fatherdear！\"Iexclaimed，\"afterthat，farewelltoall’thejoysoflife！’\"\"Stay，\"saidthemonk，\"whenyouhaveheardEscobar’sdefinitionofthatvice，youwillperhapschangeyourtone：’Sloth，’heobserves，’liesingrievingthatspiritualthingsarespiritual，asifoneshouldlamentthatthesacramentsarethesourcesofgrace；whichwouldbeamortalsin。’\"\"Omydearsir！\"criedI，\"Idon’tthinkthatanybodyevertookitintohisheadtobeslothfulinthatway。\"
\"Andaccordingly，\"hereplied，\"Escobarafterwardsremarks：’Imustconfessthatitisveryrarelythatapersonfallsintothesinofsloth。’Youseenowhowimportantitistodefinethingsproperly？\"\"Yes，father，andthisbringstomymindyourotherdefinitionsaboutassassinations，ambuscades，andsuperfluities。Butwhyhaveyounotextendedyourmethodtoallcases，andgivendefinitionsofallvicesinyourway，sothatpeoplemaynolongersiningratifyingthemselves？\"\"Itisnotalwaysessential，\"hereplied，\"toaccomplishthatpurposebychangingthedefinitionsofthings。Imayillustratethisbyreferringtothesubjectofgoodcheer，whichisaccountedoneofthegreatestpleasuresoflife，andwhichEscobarthussanctionsinhisPracticeaccordingtoourSociety：’Isitallowableforapersontoeatanddrinktorepletion，unnecessarily，andsolelyforpleasure？
Certainlyhemay，accordingtoSanchez，providedhedoesnottherebyinjurehishealth；becausethenaturalappetitemaybepermittedtoenjoyitsproperfunctions。’\"\"Well，father，thatiscertainlythemostcompletepassage，andthemostfinishedmaximinthewholeofyourmoralsystem！
Whatcomfortableinferencesmaybedrawnfromit！Why，andisgluttony，then，notevenavenialsin？\"\"NotintheshapeIhavejustreferredto，\"
hereplied；\"but，accordingtothesameauthor，itwouldbeavenialsin’wereapersontogorgehimself，unnecessarily，witheatinganddrinking，tosuchadegreeastoproducevomiting。’Somuchforthatpoint。Iwouldnowsayalittleaboutthefacilitieswehaveinventedforavoidingsininworldlyconversationsandintrigues。Oneofthemostembarrassingofthesecasesishowtoavoidtellinglies，particularlywhenoneisanxioustoinduceabeliefinwhatisfalse。Insuchcases，ourdoctrineofequivocationshasbeenfoundofadmirableservice，accordingtowhich，asSanchezhasit，’itispermittedtouseambiguousterms，leadingpeopletounderstandtheminanothersensefromthatinwhichweunderstandthemourselves。’\"