ProfessorStarbuckgivesananalogouscase，andaconversecaseofhatredsuddenlyturningintolove，inhisPsychologyofReligion，p。141。Comparetheotherhighlycuriousinstanceswhichhegivesonpp。137-144，ofsuddennon-religiousalterationsofhabitorcharacter。Heseemsrightinconceivingallsuchsuddenchangesasresultsofspecialcerebralfunctionsunconsciouslydevelopinguntiltheyarereadytoplayacontrollingpartwhentheymakeirruptionintotheconsciouslife。Whenwetreatofsudden’conversion，’IshallmakeasmuchuseasIcanofthishypothesisofsubconsciousincubation。
InJohnFoster’sEssayonDecisionofCharacter，thereisanaccountofacaseofsuddenconversiontoavarice，whichisillustrativeenoughtoquote：——
Ayoungman，itappears，“wasted，intwoorthreeyears，alargepatrimonyinprofligaterevelswithanumberofworthlessassociateswhocalledthemselveshisfriends，andwho，whenhislastmeanswereexhausted，treatedhimofcoursewithneglectorcontempt。Reducedtoabsolutewant，heonedaywentoutofthehousewithanintentiontoputanendtohislife，butwanderingawhilealmostunconsciously，hecametothebrowofaneminencewhichoverlookedwhatwerelatelyhisestates。Herehesatdown，andremainedfixedinthoughtanumberofhours，attheendofwhichhesprangfromthegroundwithavehement，exultingemotion。Hehadformedhisresolution，whichwas，thatalltheseestatesshouldbehisagain；hehadformedhisplan，too，whichheinstantlybegantoexecute。Hewalkedhastilyforward，determinedtoseizethefirstopportunity，ofhoweverhumbleakind，togainanymoney，thoughitwereeversodespicableatrifle，andresolvedabsolutelynottospend，ifhecouldhelpit，afarthingofwhateverhemightobtain。Thefirstthingthatdrewhisattentionwasaheapofcoalsshotoutofcartsonthepavementbeforeahouse。Heofferedhimselftoshovelorwheelthemintotheplacewheretheyweretobelaid，andwasemployed。
Hereceivedafewpenceforthelabor；andthen，inpursuanceofthesavingpartofhisplanrequestedsomesmallgratuityofmeatanddrink，whichwasgivenhim。Hethenlookedoutforthenextthingthatmightchance；andwent，withindefatigableindustry，throughasuccessionofservileemploymentsindifferentplaces，oflongerandshorterduration，stillscrupulousinavoiding，asfaraspossible，theexpenseofapenny。Hepromptlyseizedeveryopportunitywhichcouldadvancehisdesign，withoutregardingthemeannessofoccupationorappearance。Bythismethodhehadgained，afteraconsiderabletime，moneyenoughtopurchaseinordertosellagainafewcattle，ofwhichhehadtakenpainstounderstandthevalue。Hespeedilybutcautiouslyturnedhisfirstgainsintosecondadvantages；retainedwithoutasingledeviationhisextremeparsimony；andthusadvancedbydegreesintolargertransactionsandincipientwealth。Ididnothear，orhaveforgotten，thecontinuedcourseofhislife，butthefinalresultwas，thathemorethanrecoveredhislostpossessions，anddiedaninveteratemiser，worthL60，000。”[94]
[94]Op。cit。，LetterIII。，abridged。
Letmeturnnowtothekindofcase，thereligiouscase，namely，thatimmediatelyconcernsus。Hereisoneofthesimplestpossibletype，anaccountoftheconversiontothesystematicreligionofhealthy-mindednessofamanwhomustalreadyhavebeennaturallyofthehealthy-mindedtype。Itshowshow，whenthefruitisripe，atouchwillmakeitfall。
Mr。HoraceFletcher，inhislittlebookcalledMenticulture，relatesthatafriendwithwhomhewastalkingoftheself-controlattainedbytheJapanesethroughtheirpracticeoftheBuddhistdisciplinesaid：——
“’Youmustfirstgetridofangerandworry。’’But，’saidI，’isthatpossible？’’Yes，’repliedhe；’itispossibletotheJapanese，andoughttobepossibletous。’
“OnmywaybackIcouldthinkofnothingelsebutthewordsgetrid，getrid’；andtheideamusthavecontinuedtopossessmeduringmysleepinghours，forthefirstconsciousnessinthemorningbroughtbackthesamethought，withtherevelationofadiscovery，whichframeditselfintothereasoning，’Ifitispossibletogetridofangerandworry，whyisitnecessarytohavethematall？’Ifeltthestrengthoftheargument，andatonceacceptedthereasoning。Thebabyhaddiscoveredthatitcouldwalk。Itwouldscorntocreepanylonger。
“FromtheinstantIrealizedthatthesecancerspotsofworryandangerwereremovable，theyleftme。Withthediscoveryoftheirweaknesstheywereexorcised。Fromthattimelifehashadanentirelydifferentaspect。
“Althoughfromthatmomentthepossibilityanddesirabilityoffreedomfromthedepressingpassionshasbeenarealitytome，ittookmesomemonthstofeelabsolutesecurityinmynewposition；
but，astheusualoccasionsforworryandangerhavepresentedthemselvesoverandoveragain，andIhavebeenunabletofeelthemintheslightestdegree，Inolongerdreadorguardagainstthem，andIamamazedatmyincreasedenergyandvigorofmind，atmystrengthtomeetsituationsofallkindsandatmydispositiontoloveandappreciateeverything。
“Ihavehadoccasiontotravelmorethantenthousandmilesbyrailsincethatmorning。ThesamePullmanporter，conductor，hotel-waiter，peddler，book-agent，cabman，andotherswhowereformerlyasourceofannoyanceandirritationhavebeenmet，butIamnotconsciousofasingleincivility。Allatoncethewholeworldhasturnedgoodtome。Ihavebecome，asitwere，sensitiveonlytotheraysofgood。
“Icouldrecountmanyexperienceswhichproveabrand-newconditionofmind，butonewillbesufficient。Withouttheslightestfeelingofannoyanceorimpatience，IhaveseenatrainthatIhadplannedtotakewithagooddealofinterestedandpleasurableanticipationmoveoutofthestationwithoutme，becausemybaggagedidnotarrive。Theporterfromthehotelcamerunningandpantingintothestationjustasthetrainpulledoutofsight。Whenhesawme，helookedasifhefearedascolding。andbegantotellofbeingblockedinacrowdedstreetandunabletogetout。Whenhehadfinished，Isaidtohim：’Itdoesn’tmatteratall，youcouldn’thelpit，sowewilltryagainto-morrow。Hereisyourfee，Iamsorryyouhadallthistroubleinearningit。’ThelookofsurprisethatcameoverhisfacewassofilledwithpleasurethatIwasrepaidonthespotforthedelayinmydeparture。Nextdayhewouldnotacceptacentfortheservice，andheandIarefriendsforlife。
“DuringthefirstweeksofmyexperienceIwasonguardonlyagainstworryandanger；but，inthemeantime，havingnoticedtheabsenceoftheotherdepressinganddwarfingpassions，I
begantotracearelationship，untilIwasconvincedthattheyareallgrowthsfromthetworootsIhavespecified。IhavefeltthefreedomnowforsolongatimethatIamsureofmyrelationtowardit；andIcouldnomoreharboranyofthethievinganddepressinginfluencesthatonceInursedasaheritageofhumanitythanafopwouldvoluntarilywallowinafilthygutter。
“ThereisnodoubtinmymindthatpureChristianityandpureBuddhism，andtheMentalSciencesandallReligionsfundamentallyteachwhathasbeenadiscoverytome；butnoneofthemhavepresenteditinthelightofasimpleandeasyprocessofelimination。AtonetimeIwonderediftheeliminationwouldnotyieldtoindifferenceandsloth。Inmyexperience，thecontraryistheresult。IfeelsuchanincreaseddesiretodosomethingusefulthatitseemsasifIwereaboyagainandtheenergyforplayhadreturned。Icouldfightasreadilyasandbetterthan
ever，iftherewereoccasionforit。Itdoesnotmakeoneacoward。Itcan’t，sincefearisoneofthethingseliminated。I
noticetheabsenceoftimidityinthepresenceofanyaudience。
Whenaboy，Iwasstandingunderatreewhichwasstruckbylightning，andreceivedashockfromtheeffectsofwhichIneverknewexemptionuntilIhaddissolvedpartnershipwithworry。
Sincethen，lightningandthunderhavebeenencounteredunderconditionswhichwouldformerlyhavecausedgreatdepressionanddiscomfort，without[my]experiencingatraceofeither。
Surpriseisalsogreatlymodified，andoneislessliabletobecomestartledbyunexpectedsightsornoises。
“AsfarasIamindividuallyconcerned，Iamnotbotheringmyselfatpresentastowhattheresultsofthisemancipatedconditionmaybe。IhavenodoubtthattheperfecthealthaimedatbyChristianSciencemaybeoneofthepossibilities，forInoteamarkedimprovementinthewaymystomachdoesitsdutyinassimilatingthefoodIgiveittohandle，andIamsureitworksbettertothesoundofasongthanunderthefrictionofafrown。
NeitheramIwastinganyofthisprecioustimeformulatinganideaofafutureexistenceorafutureHeaven。TheHeaventhatI
havewithinmyselfisasattractiveasanythathasbeenpromisedorthatIcanimagine；andIamwillingtoletthegrowthleadwhereitwill，aslongastheangerandtheirbroodhavenopartinmisguidingit。”[95]
[95]H。Fletcher：Menticulture，ortheA-B-CofTrueLiving，NewYorkandChicago，1899，pp。26，36，abridged。
Theoldermedicineusedtospeakoftwoways，lysisandcrisis，onegradual，theotherabrupt，inwhichonemightrecoverfromabodilydisease。Inthespiritualrealmtherearealsotwoways，onegradual，theothersudden，inwhichinnerunificationmayoccur。TolstoyandBunyanmayagainserveusasexamples，examples，asithappens，ofthegradualway，thoughitmustbeconfessedattheoutsetthatitishardtofollowthesewindingsoftheheartsofothers，andonefeelsthattheirwordsdonotrevealtheirtotalsecret。
Howe’erthisbe，Tolstoy，pursuinghisunendingquestioning，seemedtocometooneinsightafteranother。Firstheperceivedthathisconvictionthatlifewasmeaninglesstookonlythisfinitelifeintoaccount。Hewaslookingforthevalueofonefiniteterminthatofanother，andthewholeresultcouldonlybeoneofthoseindeterminateequationsinmathematicswhichendwithinfinity。Yetthisisasfarasthereasoningintellectbyitselfcango，unlessirrationalsentimentorfaithbringsintheinfinite。Believeintheinfiniteascommonpeopledo，andlifegrowspossibleagain。
“Sincemankindhasexisted，whereverlifehasbeen，therealsohasbeenthefaiththatgavethepossibilityofliving。Faithisthesenseoflife，thatsensebyvirtueofwhichmandoesnotdestroyhimself，butcontinuestoliveon。Itistheforcewherebywelive。IfMandidnotbelievethathemustliveforsomething，hewouldnotliveatall。TheideaofaninfiniteGod，ofthedivinityofthesoul，oftheunionofmen’sactionswithGod——theseareideaselaboratedintheinfinitesecretdepthsofhumanthought。Theyareideaswithoutwhichtherewouldbenolife，withoutwhichImyself。”saidTolstoy，“wouldnotexist。IbegantoseethatIhadnorighttorelyonmyindividualreasoningandneglecttheseanswersgivenbyfaith，fortheyaretheonlyanswerstothequestion。”
Yethowbelieveasthecommonpeoplebelieve，steepedastheyareingrossestsuperstition？Itisimpossible——butyettheirlife！
theirlife！Itisnormal。Itishappy！Itisananswertothequestion！
Littlebylittle，Tolstoycametothesettledconviction——hesaysittookhimtwoyearstoarrivethere——thathistroublehadnotbeenwithlifeingeneral，notwiththecommonlifeofcommonmen，butwiththelifeoftheupper，intellectual，artisticclasses，thelifewhichhehadpersonallyalwaysled，thecerebrallife，thelifeofconventionality，artificiality，andpersonalambition。Hehadbeenlivingwronglyandmustchange。
Toworkforanimalneeds，toabjureliesandvanities，torelievecommonwants，tobesimple，tobelieveinGod，thereinlayhappinessagain。
“Iremember。”hesays，“onedayinearlyspring，Iwasaloneintheforest，lendingmyeartoitsmysteriousnoises。Ilistened，andmythoughtwentbacktowhatforthesethreeyearsitalwayswasbusywith——thequestofGod。Buttheideaofhim，Isaid，howdidIevercomebytheidea？
“Andagaintherearoseinme，withthisthought，gladaspirationstowardslife。Everythinginmeawokeandreceivedameaning……WhydoIlookfarther？avoicewithinmeasked。Heisthere：
he，withoutwhomonecannotlive。ToacknowledgeGodandtoliveareoneandthesamething。Godiswhatlifeis。Well，then！
live，seekGod，andtherewillbenolifewithouthim……
“Afterthis，thingsclearedupwithinmeandaboutmebetterthanever，andthelighthasneverwhollydiedaway。Iwassavedfromsuicide。JusthoworwhenthechangetookplaceIcannottell。
Butasinsensiblyandgraduallyastheforceoflifehadbeenannulledwithinme，andIhadreachedmymoraldeath-bed，justasgraduallyandimperceptiblydidtheenergyoflifecomeback。
Andwhatwasstrangewasthatthisenergythatcamebackwasnothingnew。Itwasmyancientjuvenileforceoffaith，thebeliefthatthesolepurposeofmylifewastobeBETTER。I