Havingformedmyresolution，manypreliminariestoitsexecutionwerenecessarytobesettled。Thesedemandeddeliberationanddelay；meanwhileIrecollectedmypromisetoLudlow，andpaidhimavisit。Imetafrankandaffectionatereception。ItwouldnotbeeasytopaintthedelightwhichI
experiencedinthisman\'ssociety。Iwasatfirstoppressedwiththesenseofmyowninferiorityinage，knowledgeandrank。Hencearosenumberlessreservesandincapacitatingdiffidences；butthesewerespeedilydissipatedbythefascinationsofthisman\'saddress。
Hissuperioritywasonlyrendered，bytime，moreconspicuous，butthissuperiority，byappearingnevertobepresenttohisownmind，ceasedtobeuneasytome。Myquestionsrequiredtobefrequentlyanswered，andmymistakestoberectified；butmykeenestscrutiny，coulddetectinhismanner，neitherarrogancenorcontempt。Heseemedtotalkmerelyfromtheoverflowofhisideas，orabenevolentdesireofimpartinginformation。
ChapterIV。
Myvisitsgraduallybecamemorefrequent。Meanwhilemywantsincreased，andthenecessityofsomechangeinmyconditionbecamedailymoreurgent。ThisincitedmyreflectionsontheschemewhichIhadformed。Thetimeandplacesuitabletomydesign，werenotselectedwithoutmuchanxiousinquiryandfrequentwaveringsofpurpose。Thesebeingatlengthfixed，theintervaltoelapse，beforethecarryingofmydesignintoeffect，wasnotwithoutperturbationandsuspense。Thesecouldnotbeconcealedfrommynewfriendandatlengthpromptedhimtoinquireintothecause。
Itwasnotpossibletocommunicatethewholetruth；butthewarmthofhismannerinspiredmewithsomedegreeofingenuousness。
Ididnothidefromhimmyformerhopesandmypresentdestitutecondition。Helistenedtomytalewithnoexpressionsofsympathy，andwhenIhadfinished，abruptlyinquiredwhetherIhadanyobjectiontoavoyagetoEurope？Iansweredinthenegative。Hethensaidthathewaspreparingtodepartinafortnightandadvisedmetomakeupmymindtoaccompanyhim。
Thisunexpectedproposalgavemepleasureandsurprize，butthewantofmoneyoccurredtomeasaninsuperableobjection。Onthisbeingmentioned，Oho！saidhe，carelessly，thatobjectioniseasilyremoved，Iwillbearallexpensesofyourpassagemyself。
Theextraordinarybeneficenceofthisactaswellastheairofuncautiousnessattendingit，mademedoubtthesincerityofhisoffer，andwhennewdeclarationsremovedthisdoubt，Icouldnotforbearexpressingatoncemysenseofhisgenerosityandofmyownunworthiness。
Herepliedthatgenerosityhadbeenexpungedfromhiscatalogueashavingnomeaningoraviciousone。Itwasthescopeofhisexertionstobejust。Thiswasthesumofhumanduty，andhethatfellshort，ranbeside，oroutstrippedjusticewasacriminal。Whathegavemewasmydueornotmydue。Ifitweremydue，Imightreasonablydemanditfromhimanditwaswickedtowithholdit。Meritononesideorgratitudeontheother，werecontradictoryandunintelligible。
IfIwerefullyconvincedthatthisbenefitwasnotmydueandyetreceivedit，heshouldholdmeincontempt。Therectitudeofmyprinciplesandconductwouldbethemeasureofhisapprobation，andnobenefitshouldheeverbestowwhichthereceiverwasnotentitledtoclaim，andwhichitwouldnotbecriminalinhimtorefuse。
TheseprincipleswerenotnewfromthemouthofLudloe，buttheyhad，hitherto，beenregardedasthefruitsofaventurousspeculationinmymind。Ihadnevertracedthemintotheirpracticalconsequences，andifhisconductonthisoccasionhadnotsquaredwithhismaxims，Ishouldnothaveimputedtohiminconsistency。Ididnotponderonthesereasoningsatthistime:
objectsofimmediateimportanceengrossedmythoughts。
Oneobstacletothismeasurewasremoved。WhenmyvoyagewasperformedhowshouldIsubsistinmynewabode？Iconcealednotmyperplexityandhecommentedonitinhisusualmanner。HowdidI
meantosubsist，heasked，inmyowncountry？Themeansoflivingwouldbe，atleast，asmuchwithinmyreachthereashere。Astothepressureofimmediateandabsolutewant，hebelievedIshouldbeexposedtolittlehazard。Withtalentssuchasmine，Imustbehuntedbyadestinypeculiarlymalignant，ifIcouldnotprovidemyselfwithnecessarieswherevermylotwerecast。
Hewouldmakeallowances，however，formydiffidenceandself-
distrust，andwouldobviatemyfearsbyexpressinghisownintentionswithregardtome。Imustbeapprized，however，ofhistruemeaning。Helabouredtoshunallhurtfulandvitiousthings，andthereforecarefullyabstainedfrommakingorconfiding~~inpromises~~。Itwasjusttoassistmeinthisvoyage，anditwouldprobablybeequallyjusttocontinuetomesimilarassistancewhenitwasfinished。Thatindeedwasasubject，inagreatdegree，withinmyowncognizance。Hisaidwouldbeproportionedtomywantsandtomymerits，andIhadonlytotakecarethatmyclaimswerejust，forthemtobeadmitted。
Thisschemecouldnotbutappeartomeeligible。Ithirstedafteranacquaintancewithnewscenes；mypresentsituationcouldnotbechangedforaworse；ItrustedtotheconstancyofLudloe\'sfriendship；tothisatleastitwasbettertotrustthantothesuccessofmyimpostureonDorothy，whichwasadoptedmerelyasadesperateexpedient:finallyIdeterminedtoembarkwithhim。
Inthecourseofthisvoyagemymindwasbusilyemployed。
Therewerenootherpassengersbesideourselves，sothatmyownconditionandthecharacterofLudloe，continuallypresentedthemselvestomyreflections。ItwillbesupposedthatIwasnotavagueorindifferentobserver。
Therewerenovicissitudesinthedeportmentorlapsesinthediscourseofmyfriend。Hisfeelingsappearedtopreserveanunchangeabletenor，andhisthoughtsandwordsalwaystoflowwiththesamerapidity。Hisslumberwasprofoundandhiswakefulhoursserene。Hewasregularandtemperateinallhisexercisesandgratifications。Hencewerederivedhisclearperceptionsandexuberanthealth。
Thistreatmentofme，likeallhisothermentalandcorporaloperations，wasmodelledbyoneinflexiblestandard。Certainscruplesanddelicacieswereincidenttomysituation。Oftheexistenceoftheseheseemedtobeunconscious，andyetnothingescapedhiminconsistentwithastateofabsoluteequality。
Iwasnaturallyinquisitiveastohisfortuneandthecollateralcircumstancesofhiscondition。Mynotionsofpolitenesshinderedmefrommakingdirectinquiries。ByindirectmeansIcouldgathernothingbutthathisstatewasopulentandindependent，andthathehadtwosisterswhosesituationresembledhisown。
Though，inconversation，heappearedtobegovernedbytheutmostcandour；nolightwasletinupontheformertransactionsofhislife。ThepurposeofhisvisittoAmericaIcouldmerelyguesstobethegratificationofcuriosity。
Myfuturepursuitsmustbesupposedchieflytooccupymyattention。OnthisheadIwasdestituteofallstedfastviews。
Withoutprofessionorhabitsofindustryorsourcesofpermanentrevenue，theworldappearedtomeanoceanonwhichmybarkwassetafloat，withoutcompassorsail。TheworldintowhichIwasabouttoenter，wasuntriedandunknown，andthoughIcouldconsenttoprofitbytheguidanceIwasunwillingtorelyonthesupportofothers。
Thistopicbeingnearestmyheart，Ifrequentlyintroducedintoconversationwithmyfriend；butonthissubjecthealwaysallowedhimselftobeledbyme，whileonallothers，hewaszealoustopointtheway。ToeveryschemethatIproposedhewassuretocauseobjections。Alltheliberalprofessionswerecensuredaspervertingtheunderstanding，bygivingscopetothesordidmotiveofgain，orembuingthemindwitherroneousprinciples。Skillwasslowlyobtained，andsuccess，thoughintegrityandindependencemustbegivenforit，dubiousandinstable。Themechanicaltradeswereequallyobnoxious；theywerevitiousbycontributingtothespuriousgratificationsoftherichandmultiplyingtheobjectsofluxury；theyweredestructiontotheintellectandvigoroftheartizan；theyenervatedhisframeandbrutalizedhismind。
WhenIpointedouttohimthenecessityofsomespeciesoflabour，hetacitlyadmittedthatnecessity，butrefusedtodirectmeinthechoiceofapursuit，whichthoughnotfreefromdefectshouldyethavethefewestinconveniences。Hedweltonthefewnessofouractualwants，thetemptationswhichattendthepossessionofwealth，thebenefitsofseclusionandprivacy，andthedutyofunfetteringourmindsfromtheprejudiceswhichgoverntheworld。
Hisdiscoursetendedmerelytounsettlemyviewsandincreasemyperplexity。ThiseffectwassouniformthatIatlengthdesistedfromallallusionstothisthemeandendeavouredtodivertmyownreflectionsfromit。Whenourvoyageshouldbefinished，andIshouldactuallytreadthisnewstage，IbelievedthatI
shouldbebetterqualifiedtojudgeofthemeasurestobetakenbyme。
AtlengthwereachedBelfast。FromthenceweimmediatelyrepairedtoDublin。Iwasadmittedasamemberofhisfamily。
WhenIexpressedmyuncertaintyastotheplacetowhichitwouldbeproperformetorepair，hegavemeabluntbutcordialinvitationtohishouse。MycircumstancesallowedmenooptionandIreadilycomplied。Myattentionwasforatimeengrossedbyadiversifiedsuccessionofnewobjects。Theirnoveltyhoweverdisappearing，leftmeatlibertytoturnmyeyesuponmyselfandmycompanion，andheremyreflectionsweresuppliedwithabundantfood。
Hishousewasspaciousandcommodious，andfurnishedwithprofusionandelegance。Asuitofapartmentswasassignedtome，inwhichIwaspermittedtoreignuncontroledandaccesswaspermittedtoawellfurnishedlibrary。Myfoodwasfurnishedinmyownroom，preparedinthemannerwhichIhadpreviouslydirected。
OccasionallyLudloewouldrequestmycompanytobreakfast，whenanhourwasusuallyconsumedinearnestorsprightlyconversation。Atallothertimeshewasinvisible，andhisapartments，beingwhollyseparatefrommine，Ihadnoopportunityofdiscoveringinwhatwayhishourswereemployed。
Hedefendedthismodeoflivingasbeingmostcompatiblewithliberty。Hedelightedtoexpatiateontheevilsofcohabitation。
Men，subjectedtothesameregimen，compelledtoeatandsleepandassociateatcertainhours，werestrangerstoallrationalindependenceandliberty。Societywouldneverbeexemptfromservitudeandmisery，tillthoseartificialtieswhichheldhumanbeingstogetherunderthesameroofweredissolved。Heendeavouredtoregulatehisownconductinpursuanceoftheseprinciples，andtosecuretohimselfasmuchfreedomasthepresentregulationsofsocietywouldpermit。Thesameindependencewhichheclaimedforhimselfhelikewiseextendedtome。Thedistributionofmyowntime，theselectionofmyownoccupationsandcompanionsshouldbelongtomyself。
Buttheseprivileges，thoughwhilelisteningtohisargumentsIcouldnotdenythemtobevaluable，Iwouldhavewillinglydispensedwith。ThesolitudeinwhichIlivedbecamedailymorepainful。Iateanddrank，enjoyedclothingandshelter，withouttheexerciseofforethoughtorindustry；Iwalkedandsat，wentoutandreturnedforaslongandatwhatseasonsIthoughtproper，yetmyconditionwasafertilesourceofdiscontent。
IfeltmyselfremovedtoacomfortlessandchillingdistancefromLudloe。Iwantedtoshareinhisoccupationsandviews。Withallhisingenuousnessofaspectandoverflowofthoughts，whenheallowedmehiscompany，Ifeltmyselfpainfullybewilderedwithregardtohisgenuineconditionandsentiments。
Hehaditinhispowertointroducemetosociety，andwithoutanintroduction，itwasscarcelypossibletogainaccesstoanysocialcircleordomesticfireside。Addtothis，myownobscureprospectsanddubioussituation。Someregularintellectualpursuitwouldrendermystatelessirksome，butIhadhithertoadoptednoschemeofthiskind。
ChapterV。
Timetended，innodegree，toalleviatemydissatisfaction。
ItincreasedtillthedeterminationbecameatlengthformedofopeningmythoughtstoLudloe。Atthenextbreakfastinterviewwhichtookplace，Iintroducedthesubject，andexpatiatedwithoutreserve，onthestateofmyfeelings。Iconcludedwithentreatinghimtopointoutsomepathinwhichmytalentsmightberenderedusefultohimselfortomankind。
Afterapauseofsomeminutes，hesaid，Whatwouldyoudo？
Youforgettheimmaturityofyourage。Ifyouarequalifiedtoactapartinthetheatreoflife，stepforth；butyouarenotqualified。Youwantknowledge，andwiththisyououghtpreviouslytoendowyourselfMeans，forthisend，arewithinyourreach。Whyshouldyouwasteyourtimeinidleness，andtormentyourselfwithunprofitablewishes？Booksareathand……booksfromwhichmostsciencesandlanguagescanbelearned。Read，analise，digest；collectfacts，andinvestigatetheories:
ascertainthedictatesofreason，andsupplyyourselfwiththeinclinationandthepowertoadheretothem。Youwillnot，legallyspeaking，beamaninlessthanthreeyears。Letthisperiodbedevotedtotheacquisitionofwisdom。Eitherstayhere，orretiretoanhouseIhaveonthebanksofKillarney，whereyouwillfindalltheconveniencesofstudy。
Icouldnotbutreflectwithwonderatthisman\'streatmentofme。Icouldpleadnoneoftherightsofrelationship；yetI
enjoyedtheprivilegesofason。Hehadnotimpartedtomeanyscheme，bypursuitofwhichImightfinallycompensatehimfortheexpensetowhichmymaintenanceandeducationwouldsubjecthim。
Hegavemereasontohopeforthecontinuanceofhisbounty。Hetalkedandactedasifmyfortuneweretotallydisjoinedfromhis；
yetwasIindebtedtohimforthemorselwhichsustainedmylife。
Nowitwasproposedtowithdrawmyselftostudiousleisure，andromanticsolitude。Allmywants，personalandintellectual，weretobesuppliedgratuitouslyandcopiously。NomeanswereprescribedbywhichImightmakecompensationforallthesebenefits。Inconferringthemheseemedtobeactuatedbynoviewtohisownultimateadvantage。Hetooknomeasurestosecuremyfutureservices。
Isufferedthesethoughtstoescapeme，onthisoccasion，andobservedthattomakemyapplicationsuccessful，oruseful，itwasnecessarytopursuesomeend。ImustlookforwardtosomepostwhichImighthereafteroccupybeneficiallytomyselforothers；
andforwhichalltheeffortsofmymindshouldbebenttoqualifymyself。
Thesehintsgavehimvisiblepleasure；andnow，forthefirsttime，hedeignedtoadvisemeonthishead。Hisscheme，however，wasnotsuddenlyproduced。Thewaytoitwascircuitousandlong。
Itwashisbusinesstomakeeverynewstepappeartobesuggestedbymyownreflections。Hisownideasweretheseemingresultofthemoment，andsprungoutofthelastideathatwasuttered。
Beinghastilytakenup，theywere，ofcourse，liabletoobjection。
Theseobjections，sometimesoccurringtomeandsometimestohim，wereadmittedorcontestedwiththeutmostcandour。Oneschemewentthroughnumerousmodificationsbeforeitwasprovedtobeineligible，orbeforeityieldedplacetoabetter。Itwaseasytoperceive，thatbooksalonewereinsufficienttoimpartknowledge:
thatmanmustbeexaminedwithourowneyestomakeusacquaintedwiththeirnature:thatideascollectedfromobservationandreading，mustcorrectandillustrateeachother:thatthevalueofallprinciples，andtheirtruth，lieintheirpracticaleffects。
Hence，graduallyarose，theusefulnessoftravelling，ofinspectingthehabitsandmannersofanation，andinvestigating，onthespot，thecausesoftheirhappinessandmisery。Finally，itwasdeterminedthatSpainwasmoresuitablethananyother，totheviewsofajudicioustraveller。
Mylanguage，habits，andreligionwerementionedasobstaclestocloseandextensiveviews；butthesedifficultiessuccessivelyandslowlyvanished。Conversewithbooks，andnativesofSpain，asteadfastpurposeandunwearieddiligencewouldeffacealldifferencesbetweenmeandaCastilianwithrespecttospeech。
Personalhabits，werechangeable，bythesamemeans。Thebarstounboundedintercourse，risingfromthereligionofSpainbeingirreconcilablyoppositetomine，costusnolittletroubletosurmount，andheretheskillofLudloewaseminentlydisplayed。
Ihadbeenaccustomedtoregardasunquestionable，thefallacyoftheRomishfaith。Thispersuasionwashabitualandthechildofprejudice，andwaseasilyshakenbytheartificesofthislogician。
IwasfirstledtobestowakindofassentonthedoctrinesoftheRomanchurch；butmyconvictionswereeasilysubduedbyanewspeciesofargumentation，and，inashorttime，Irevertedtomyancientdisbelief，sothat，ifanexteriorconformitytotherightsofSpainwererequisitetotheattainmentofmypurpose，thatconformitymustbedissembled。
Mymoralprincipleshadhithertobeenvagueandunsettled。Mycircumstanceshadledmetothefrequentpracticeofinsincerity；
butmytransgressionsastheywereslightandtransient，didnotmuchexcitemypreviousreflections，orsubsequentremorse。Mydeviations，however，thoughrenderedeasybyhabit，werebynomeanssanctionedbymyprinciples。Nowanimposture，moreprofoundanddeliberate，wasprojected；andIcouldnothopetoperformwellmypart，unlesssteadfastlyandthoroughlypersuadedofitsrectitude。
Myfriendwastheeulogistofsincerity。Hedelightedtotraceitsinfluenceonthehappinessofmankind；andprovedthatnothingbuttheuniversalpracticeofthisvirtuewasnecessarytotheperfectionofhumansociety。Hisdoctrinewassplendidandbeautiful。Todetectitsimperfectionswasnoeasytask；tolaythefoundationsofvirtueinutility，andtolimit，bythatscale，theoperationofgeneralprinciples；toseethatthevalueofsincerity，likethatofeveryothermodeofaction，consistedinitstendencytogood，andthat，thereforetheobligationtospeaktruthwasnotparamountorintrinsical:thatmydutyismodelledonaknowledgeandforesightoftheconductofothers；andthat，sincemenintheiractualstate，areinfirmanddeceitful，ajustestimateofconsequencesmaysometimesmakedissimulationmydutyweretruthsthatdidnotspeedilyoccur。Thediscovery，whenmade，appearedtobeajointwork。IsawnothinginLudlowbutproofsofcandour，andajudgmentincapableofbias。
Themeanswhichthismanemployedtofitmeforhispurpose，perhapsowedtheirsuccesstomyyouthandignorance。Imayhavegivenyouexaggeratedideasofhisdexterityandaddress。OfthatIamunabletojudge。Certainitis，thatnotimeorreflectionhasabatedmyastonishmentattheprofoundnessofhisschemes，andtheperseverancewithwhichtheywerepursuedbyhim。Todetailtheirprogresswouldexposemetotheriskofbeingtedious，yetnonebutminutedetailswouldsufficientlydisplayhispatienceandsubtlety。