manpossessesthetheoreticalrightofpassingthebarrierswhichseparatehimfromtheupperclassesbyawholeseriesofcompetitionsandexaminations，hischanceofreachingthemisinrealityextremelyslight。
Thedemocracyoftheletteredclasseshasnootherobjectthantosetupaselectionwhichshallrecruitthedirectingclassesexclusivelyfromthemselves。Ishouldhavenothingtosayagainstthisiftheselectionwerereal。ItwouldthenconstitutetheapplicationofthemaximofNapoleon：``Thetruemethodofgovernmentistoemploythearistocracy，butundertheformsofdemocracy。’’
Unhappilythedemocracyofthe``intellectuals’’wouldsimplyleadtothesubstitutionoftheDivinerightofkingsbytheDivinerightofapettyoligarchy，whichistoooftennarrowandtyrannical。Libertycannotbecreatedbyreplacingatyranny。
Populardemocracybynomeansaimsatmanufacturingrulers。
Dominatedentirelybythespiritofequalityandthedesiretoamelioratethelotoftheworkers，itrejectstheideaoffraternity，andexhibitsnoanxietyinrespectofliberty。Nogovernmentisconceivabletopopulardemocracyexceptintheformofanautocracy。Weseethis，notonlyinhistory，whichshowsusthatsincetheRevolutionalldespoticGovernmentshavebeenvigorouslyacclaimed，butalsointheautocraticfashioninwhichtheworkers’tradesunionsareconducted。