The Provincial Letters

第19章

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第19章

The Provincial Letters Blaise Pascal

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The Provincial Letters
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  Donotexpectmetoanswerthis,fathers。Ifyouhavegotnocommonsense,Iamnotabletofurnishyouwithit。Allwhopossessanyshareofitwillenjoyaheartylaughatyourexpense。Norwilltheytreatwithgreaterrespectyourthirdproof,whichrestsuponthefollowingwords,takenfromtheBookofFrequentCommunion:\"IntheeucharistGodvouchsafesusthesamefoodthatHebestowsonthesaintsinheaven,withthisdifferenceonly,thathereHewithholdsfromusitssensiblesightandtaste,reservingbothofthesefortheheavenlyworld。\"ThesewordsexpressthesenseoftheChurchsodistinctlythatIamconstantlyforgettingwhatreasonyouhaveforpickingaquarrelwiththem,inordertoturnthemtoabaduse;

  forIcanseenothingmoreinthemthanwhattheCouncilofTrentteaches(sess。xiii,c。8),namely,thatthereisnodifferencebetweenJesusChristintheeucharistandJesusChristinheaven,exceptthathereheisveiled,andthereheisnot。M。ArnaulddoesnotsaythatthereisnodifferenceinthemannerofreceivingJesusChrist,butonlythatthereisnodifferenceinJesusChristwhoisreceived。Andyetyouwould,inthefaceofallreason,interprethislanguageinthispassagetomeanthatJesusChristisnomoreeatenwiththemouthinthisworldthanheisinheaven;uponwhichyougroundthechargeofheresyagainsthim。Youreallymakemesorryforyou,fathers。Mustweexplainthisfurthertoyou?Whydoyouconfoundthatdivinenourishmentwiththemannerofreceivingit?Thereisbutonepointofdifference,asIhavejustobserved,betwixtthatnourishmentuponearthandinheaven,whichisthathereitishiddenunderveilswhichdepriveusofitssensiblesightandtaste;buttherearevariouspointsofdissimilarityinthemannerofreceivingithereandthere,theprincipalofwhichis,asM。Arnauldexpressesit(p。3,ch。16),\"thathereitentersintothemouthandthebreastbothofthegoodandofthewicked,\"whichisnotthecaseinheaven。And,ifyourequiretobetoldthereasonofthisdiversity,Imayinformyou,fathers,thatthecauseofGod’sordainingthesedifferentmodesofreceivingthesamefoodisthedifferencethatexistsbetwixtthestateofChristiansinthislifeandthatoftheblessedinheaven。ThestateoftheChristian,asCardinalPerronobservesafterthefathers,holdsamiddleplacebetweenthestateoftheblessedandthestateoftheJews。ThespiritsinblisspossessJesusChristreally,withoutveilorfigure。TheJewspossessedJesusChristonlyinfiguresandveils,suchasthemannaandthepaschallamb。AndChristianspossessJesusChristintheeucharistreallyandtruly,althoughstillconcealedunderveils。\"God,\"saysSt。Eucher,\"hasmadethreetabernacles:thesynagogue,whichhadtheshadowsonly,withoutthetruth;theChurch,whichhasthetruthandshadowstogether;andheaven,wherethereisnoshadow,butthetruthalone。\"Itwouldbeadeparturefromourpresentstate,whichisthestateoffaith,opposedbySt。Paulaliketothelawandtoopenvision,didwepossessthefiguresonly,withoutJesusChrist;foritisthepropertyofthelawtohavethemerefigure,andnotthesubstanceofthings。Anditwouldbeequallyadeparturefromourpresentstateifwepossessedhimvisibly;becausefaith,accordingtothesameapostle,dealsnotwiththingsthatareseen。Andthustheeucharist,fromitsincludingJesusChristtruly,thoughunderaveil,isinperfectaccordancewithourstateoffaith。Itfollowsthatthisstatewouldbedestroyed,if,asthehereticsmaintain,JesusChristwerenotreallyunderthespeciesofbreadandwine;

  anditwouldbeequallydestroyedifwereceivedhimopenly,astheydoinheaven:since,onthesesuppositions,ourstatewouldbeconfounded,eitherwiththestateofJudaismorwiththatofglory。Such,fathers,isthemysteriousanddivinereasonofthismostdivinemystery。ThisitisthatfillsuswithabhorrenceattheCalvinists,whowouldreduceustotheconditionoftheJews;andthisitisthatmakesusaspiretothegloryofthebeatified,whereweshallbeintroducedtothefullandeternalenjoymentofJesusChrist。FromhenceyoumustseethatthereareseveralpointsofdifferencebetweenthemannerinwhichhecommunicateshimselftoChristiansandtotheblessed;andthat,amongstothers,heisinthisworldreceivedbythemouth,andnotsoinheaven;butthattheyalldependsolelyonthedistinctionbetweenourstateoffaithandtheirstateofimmediatevision。Andthisisprecisely,fathers,whatM。Arnauldhasexpressed,withgreatplainness,inthefollowingterms:\"TherecanbenootherdifferencebetweenthepurityofthosewhoreceiveJesusChristintheeucharistandthatoftheblessed,thanwhatexistsbetweenfaithandtheopenvisionofGod,uponwhichalonedependsthedifferentmannerinwhichheiseatenuponearthandinheaven。\"Youwereboundinduty,fathers,tohavereveredinthesewordsthesacredtruthstheyexpress,insteadofwrestingthemforthepurposeofdetectinganhereticalmeaningwhichtheynevercontained,norcouldpossiblycontain,namely,thatJesusChristiseatenbyfaithonly,andnotbythemouth;themaliciousperversionofyourFathersAnnatandMeynier,whichformsthecapitalcountoftheirindictment。Conscious,however,ofthewretcheddeficiencyofyourproofs,youhavehadrecoursetoanewartifice,whichisnothinglessthantofalsifytheCouncilofTrent,inordertoconvictM。Arnauldofnonconformitywithit;sovastisyourstoreofmethodsformakingpeopleheretics。ThisfeathasbeenachievedbyFatherMeynier,infiftydifferentplacesofhisbook,andabouteightortentimesinthespaceofasinglepage(the54th),whereinheinsiststhattospeaklikeatrueCatholicitisnotenoughtosay,\"IbelievethatJesusChristisreallypresentintheeucharist,\"butwemustsay,\"Ibelieve,withthecouncil,thatheispresentbyatruelocalpresence,orlocally。\"And,inproofofthis,hecitesthecouncil,sessionxiii,canon3d,canon4th,andcanon6th。Whowouldnotsuppose,uponseeingthetermlocalpresencequotedfromthreecanonsofauniversalcouncil,thatthephrasewasactuallytobefoundinthem?Thismighthaveservedyourturnverywell,beforetheappearanceofmyFifteenthLetter;but,asmattersnowstand,fathers,thetrickhasbecometoostaleforus。Wegoourwayandconsultthecouncil,anddiscoveronlythatyouarefalsifiers。

  Suchtermsaslocalpresence,locally,andlocality,neverexistedinthepassagestowhichyourefer;andletmetellyoufurther,theyarenottobefoundinanyothercanonofthatcouncil,norinanyotherpreviouscouncil,notinanyfatheroftheChurch。Allowme,then,toaskyou,fathers,ifyoumeantocastthesuspicionofCalvinismuponallthathavenotmadeuseofthatpeculiarphrase?Ifthisbethecase,theCouncilofTrentmustbesuspectedofheresy,andalltheholyfatherswithoutexception。

  HaveyounootherwayofmakingM。Arnauldheretical,withoutabusingsomanyotherpeoplewhoneverdidyouanyharm,and,amongtherest,St。

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