Culture and Anarchy

第4章

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第4章

Culture and Anarchy Matthew Arnold

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Culture and Anarchy
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  Butthatvastportion,lastly,oftheworkingclasswhich,rawandhalfdeveloped,haslonglainhalf—hiddenamidstitspovertyandsqualor,andisnowissuingfromitshiding—placetoassertanEnglishman’sheaven—bornprivilegeofdoingashelikes,andisbeginningtoperplexusbymarchingwhereitlikes,meetingwhereitlikes,bawlingwhatitlikes,breakingwhatitlikes,——tothisvastresiduumwemaywithgreatproprietygivethenameofPopulace。

  10Thuswehavegotthreedistinctterms,Barbarians,Philistines,Populace,todenoteroughlythethreegreatclassesintowhichoursocietyisdivided;andthoughthishumbleattemptatascientificnomenclaturefalls,nodoubt,veryfarshortinprecisionofwhatmightberequiredfromawriterequippedwithacompleteandcoherentphilosophy,yet,fromanotoriouslyunsystematicandunpretendingwriter,itwill,Itrust,beacceptedassufficient。

  11Butinusingthisnew,and,Ihope,convenientdivisionofEnglishsociety,twothingsaretobeborneinmind。Thefirstis,thatsince,underallourclassdivisions,thereisacommonbasisofhumannature,therefore,ineveryoneofus,whetherwebeproperlyBarbarians,Philistines,orPopulace,thereexists,sometimesonlyingermandpotentially,sometimesmoreorlessdeveloped,thesametendenciesandpassionswhichhavemadeourfellow—citizensofotherclasseswhattheyare。Thisconsiderationisveryimportant,becauseithasgreatinfluenceinbegettingthatspiritofindulgencewhichisanecessarypartofsweetness,andwhich,indeed,whenourcultureiscomplete,is,asIhavesaid,inexhaustible。

  Thus,anEnglishBarbarianwhoexamineshimselfwill,ingeneral,findhimselftobenotsoentirelyaBarbarianbutthathehasinhim,also,somethingofthePhilistine,andevensomethingofthePopulaceaswell。

  AndthesamewithEnglishmenofthetwootherclasses。

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