Pioneers of the Old South

第5章

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第5章

Pioneers of the Old South Mary Johnston

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Pioneers of the Old South
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  ColonistscamefasttothisCarolinalyingsouth。Barbadossentmany;

  England,Scotland,andIrelandcontributedashare;therecameHuguenotsfromFrance,andacertainnumberofGermans。Intenyearsafterthefirstsettlingthepopulationnumberedtwelvehundred,andthispresentlydoubledandwentontoincrease。Theearlytimesweretakenupwiththewrestlewiththeforest,withtheIndians,withSpanishalarms,withincompetentgovernors,withtheLordsProprietaries’FundamentalConstitutions,andwiththerestrictionswhichEnglishNavigationLawsimposeduponEnglishcolonies。Whatgrainsandvegetablesandtobaccotheycouldgrow,whatcattleandswinetheycouldbreedandexport,preoccupiedthemindsofthesepioneerfarmers。TherewerestrugglingforgrowtharoughagricultureandahamperedtradewithBarbados,Virginia,andNewEngland——tradelikewisewiththebuccaneerswhoswarmedintheWestIndianwaters。

  Fivehundredgoodreasonsallowed,andhadlongallowed,freebooterytoflourishinAmericanseas。Grossgovernmentalfaults,NavigationActs,andahundredpettyandgreatoppressions,generalpoverty,adventurousness,lawlessness,andsympathyofmishandledfolkwithlawlessness,allcombinedtokeepBrotheroftheCoast,Buccaneer,andFilibusteralive,andtheirshipsuponallseas。Manywerenoworsethansmugglers;otherswererobberswithviolence;andafewhadadashofthefiend。Allnationshadsonsinthebusiness。EnglandtothesouthinAmericahadjusttheraggedcoastline,withitsoff—lyingislandsandislets,likedbyallthisgentry,whethersmugglerorpirateoutright。Throughmuchoftheseventeenthcenturythesettlersontheseshoresneverviolentlydisapprovedofthepirate。Hewasoftena\"goodfellow。\"Hebroughtinneededarticleswithoutdues,andhadSpanishgoldinhispouch。Hewasshruggedoverandtradedwith。

  HecameashoretoCharlesTown,andtheytradedwithhimthere。AtonetimeCharlesTowngotthenameof\"Rogue’sHarbor。\"Butthatwasnotforever,norindeed,asyearsarecounted,forlong。Betterandbetteremigrantsarrived,toaddtothegoodalreadythere。Thebettertypeprevailed,andgaveitstonetotheplace。Theresetin,ontheAshleyandCooperrivers,afairurbanlifethatyetpersists。

  SouthCarolinawastryingtobaccoandwheat。ButinthelastyearsoftheseventeenthcenturyashiptouchingatCharlestonleftthereabagofMadagascarrice。Planted,itgaveincreasethatwasplantedagain。Suddenlyitwasfoundthatthiswasthecropforlow—lyingCarolina。Ricebecameherstaple,aswastobaccoofVirginia。

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