Iamaware,that,accordingtoitsowndefinition,scienceoughttobeuseless,i。e。,scienceforthesakeofscience;butsurelythisisanobviousevasion。Theprovinceofscienceistoservethepeople。Wehaveinventedtelegraphs,telephones,phonographs;butwhatadvanceshaveweeffectedinthelife,inthelabor,ofthepeople?Wehavereckoneduptwomillionsofbeetles!Andwehavenottamedasingleanimalsincebiblicaltimes,whenallouranimalswerealreadydomesticated;butthereindeer,thestag,thepartridge,theheath—cock,allremainwild。
Ourbotanistshavediscoveredthecell,andinthecellprotoplasm,andinthatprotoplasmstillsomethingmore,andinthatatomyetanotherthing。Itisevidentthattheseoccupationswillnotendforalongtimetocome,becauseitisobviousthattherecanbenoendtothem,andthereforethescientisthasnotimetodevotetothosethingswhicharenecessarytothepeople。Andtherefore,again,fromthetimeofEgyptianandHebrewantiquity,whenwheatandlentilshadalreadybeencultivated,downtoourowntimes,notasingleplanthasbeenaddedtothefoodofthepeople,withtheexceptionofthepotato,andthatwasnotobtainedbyscience。
Torpedoeshavebeeninvented,andapparatusfortaxation,andsoforth。Butthespinning—whined,thewoman’sweaving—loom,theplough,thehatchet,thechain,therake,thebucket,thewell—
sweep,areexactlythesameastheywereinthedaysofRurik;andiftherehasbeenanychange,thenthatchangehasnotbeeneffectedbyscientificpeople。
Anditisthesamewiththearts。Wehaveelevatedalotofpeopletotherankofgreatwriters;wehavepickedthesewriterstopieces,andhavewrittenmountainsofcriticism,andcriticismonthecritics,andcriticismonthecriticsofthecritics。Andwehavecollectedpicture—galleries,andhavestudieddifferentschoolsofartindetail;andwehavesomanysymphoniesandorchestrasandoperas,thatitisbecomingdifficultevenforustolistentothem。