Suchagovernmentisevidentlyrestrainedtoverynarrowlimitsofspaceandpopulation。IdoubtifitwouldbepracticablebeyondtheextentofaNewEnglandtownship。Thefirstshadefromthispureelement，which，likethatofpurevitalair，cannotsustainlifeofitself，wouldbewherethepowersofthegovernment，beingdivided，shouldbeexercisedeachbyrepresentativeschoseneither_prohacvice_，orforsuchshorttermsasshouldrendersecurethedutyofexpressingthewilloftheirconstituents。ThisIshouldconsiderasthenearestapproachtoapurerepublic，whichispracticableonalargescaleofcountryorpopulation。AndwehaveexamplesofitinsomeofourStatesconstitutions，which，ifnotpoisonedbypriest-craft，wouldproveitsexcellenceoverallmixtureswithotherelements；and，withonlyequaldosesofpoison，wouldstillbethebest。Othershadesofrepublicanismmaybefoundinotherformsofgovernment，wheretheexecutive，judiciaryandlegislativefunctions，andthedifferentbranchesofthelatter，arechosenbythepeoplemoreorlessdirectly，forlongertermsofyearsorforlife，ormadehereditary；orwheretherearemixturesofauthorities，somedependenton，andothersindependentofthepeople。Thefurtherthedeparturefromdirectandconstantcontrolbythecitizens，thelesshasthegovernmentoftheingredientofrepublicanism；evidentlynonewheretheauthoritiesarehereditary，asinFrance，Venice，&c。，orself-chosen，asinHolland；andlittle，whereforlife，inproportionasthelifecontinuesinbeingaftertheactofelection。
ThepurestrepublicanfeatureinthegovernmentofourownState，istheHouseofRepresentatives。TheSenateisequallysothefirstyear，lessthesecond，andsoon。TheExecutivestillless，becausenotchosenbythepeopledirectly。TheJudiciaryseriouslyanti-republican，becauseforlife；andthenationalarmwielded，asyouobserve，bymilitaryleadersirresponsiblebuttothemselves。
Addtothistheviciousconstitutionofourcountycourtstowhomthejustice，theexecutiveadministration，thetaxation，police，themilitaryappointmentsofthecounty，andnearlyallourdailyconcernsareconfided，self-appointed，self-continued，holdingtheirauthoritiesforlife，andwithanimpossibilityofbreakinginontheperpetualsuccessionofanyfactiononcepossessedofthebench。
Theyareintruth，theexecutive，thejudiciary，andthemilitaryoftheirrespectivecounties，andthesumofthecountiesmakestheState。Andadd，also，thatonehalfofourbrethrenwhofightandpaytaxes，areexcluded，likeHelots，fromtherightsofrepresentation，asifsocietywereinstitutedforthesoil，andnotforthemeninhabitingit；oronehalfofthesecoulddisposeoftherightsandthewilloftheotherhalf，withouttheirconsent。”WhatconstitutesaState?
Nothigh-raisedbattlements，orlabor’dmound，Thickwall，ormoatedgate；