LAWS

第25章

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第25章

LAWS Plato

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LAWS
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  Cle。Thatisverytrue。

  Ath。Thenletusrecognizethedifficulty,andmakecleartoourownmindshowthebeginningistobeaccomplished。ThereisonlyoneproposalwhichIhavetooffer,andthatisonewhich,underourcircumstances,isbothnecessaryandexpedient。

  Cle。Whatisit?

  Ath。Imaintainthatthiscolonyofourshasafatherandmother,whoarenootherthanthecolonizingstate。WellIknowthatmanycolonieshavebeen,andwillbe,atenmitywiththeirparents。Butinearlydaysthechild,asinafamily,lovesandisbeloved;eveniftherecomeatimelaterwhenthetieisbroken,still,whileheisinwantofeducation,henaturallyloveshisparentsandisbelovedbythem,andfliestohisrelativesforprotection,andfindsinthemhisonlynaturalalliesintimeofneed;andthisparentalfeelingalreadyexistsintheCnosians,asisshownbytheircareofthenewcity;andthereisasimilarfeelingonthepartoftheyoungcitytowardsCnosus。AndIrepeatwhatIwassaying-forthereisnoharminrepeatingagoodthing-thattheCnosiansshouldtakeacommoninterestinallthesematters,andchoose,asfarastheycan,theeldestandbestofthecolonists,tothenumberofnotlessthanahundred;andlettherebeanotherhundredoftheCnosiansthemselves。These,Isay,ontheirarrival,shouldhaveajointcarethatthemagistratesshouldbeappointedaccordingtolaw,andthatwhentheyareappointedtheyshouldundergoascrutiny。Whenthishasbeeneffected,theCnosiansshallreturnhome,andthenewcitydothebestshecanforherownpreservationandhappiness。Iwouldhavetheseven-and-thirtynow,andinallfuturetime,chosentofulfilthefollowingduties:-Letthem,inthefirstplace,betheguardiansofthelaw;and,secondly,oftheregistersinwhicheachoneregistersbeforethemagistratetheamountofhisproperty,exceptingfourminaewhichareallowedtocitizensofthefirstclass,threeallowedtothesecond,twotothethird,andasingleminatothefourth。Andifanyone,despisingthelawsforthesakeofgain,befoundtopossessanythingmorewhichhasnotbeenregistered,letallthathehasinexcessbeconfiscated,andlethimbeliabletoasuitwhichshallbethereverseofhonourableorfortunate。Andletanyonewhowill,indicthimonthechargeoflovingbasegains,andproceedagainsthimbeforetheguardiansofthelaw。Andifhebecast,lethimlosehisshareofthepublicpossessions,andwhenthereisanypublicdistribution,lethimhavenothingbuthisoriginallot;andlethimbewrittendownacondemnedmanaslongashelives,insomeplaceinwhichanyonewhopleasescanreadabouthisonces。Theguardianofthelawshallnotholdofficelongerthantwentyyears,andshallnotbelessthanfiftyyearsofagewhenheiselected;orifheiselectedwhenheissixtyyearsofage,heshallholdofficefortenyearsonly;anduponthesameprinciple,hemustnotimaginethathewillbepermittedtoholdsuchanimportantofficeasthatofguardianofthelawsafterheisseventyyearsofage,ifhelivesolong。

  Thesearethethreefirstordinancesabouttheguardiansofthelaw;

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