Autobiography and Selected Essays

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Autobiography and Selected Essays Thomas Henry Huxley

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Autobiography and Selected Essays
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  Writingisaformofdrawing;thereforeifyougivethesameattentionandtroubletodrawingasyoudotowriting,dependuponit,thereisnobodywhocannotbemadetodraw,moreorlesswell.

  Donotmisapprehendme.Idonotsayforonemomentyouwouldmakeanartisticdraughtsman.Artistsarenotmade;theygrow.Youmayimprovethenaturalfacultyinthatdirection,butyoucannotmakeit;butyoucanteachsimpledrawing,andyouwillfinditanimplementoflearningofextremevalue.Idonotthinkitsvaluecanbeexaggerated,becauseitgivesyouthemeansoftrainingtheyounginattentionandaccuracy,whicharethetwothingsinwhichallmankindaremoredeficientthaninanyothermentalqualitywhatever.Thewholeofmylifehasbeenspentintryingtogivemyproperattentiontothingsandtobeaccurate,andIhavenotsucceededaswellasIcouldwish;andotherpeople,Iamafraid,arenotmuchmorefortunate.Youcannotbeginthishabittooearly,andIconsiderthereisnothingofsogreatavalueasthehabitofdrawing,tosecurethosetwodesirableends.

  Thenwecometothesubject—matter,whetherscientificoraesthetic,ofeducation,andIshouldnaturallyhavenoquestionatallaboutteachingtheelementsofphysicalscienceofthekindI

  havesketched,inapracticalmanner;butamongscientifictopics,usingthewordscientificinthebroadestsense,Iwouldalsoincludetheelementsofthetheoryofmoralsandofthatofpoliticalandsociallife,which,strangelyenough,itneverseemstooccurtoanybodytoteachachild.Iwouldhavethehistoryofourowncountry,andofalltheinfluenceswhichhavebeenbroughttobearuponit,withincidentalgeography,notasamerechronicleofreignsandbattles,butasachapterinthedevelopmentoftherace,andthehistoryofcivilisation.

  Thenwithrespecttoaestheticknowledgeanddiscipline,wehavehappilyintheEnglishlanguageoneofthemostmagnificentstorehousesofartisticbeautyandofmodelsofliteraryexcellencewhichexistsintheworldatthepresenttime.Ihavesaidbefore,andIrepeatithere,thatifamancannotgetliterarycultureofthehighestkindoutofhisBible,andChaucer,andShakespeare,andMilton,andHobbes,[81]andBishopBerkeley,[82]tomentiononlyafewofourillustriouswriters——Isay,ifhecannotgetitoutofthosewritershecannotgetitoutofanything;andIwouldassuredlydevoteaverylargeportionofthetimeofeveryEnglishchildtothecarefulstudyofthemodelsofEnglishwritingofsuchvariedandwonderfulkindaswepossess,and,whatisstillmoreimportantandstillmoreneglected,thehabitofusingthatlanguagewithprecision,withforce,andwithart.Ifancywearealmosttheonlynationintheworldwhoseemtothinkthatcompositioncomesbynature.TheFrenchattendtotheirownlanguage,theGermansstudytheirs;butEnglishmendonotseemtothinkitisworththeirwhile.NorwouldIfailtoinclude,inthecourseofstudyIamsketching,translationsofallthebestworksofantiquity,orofthemodernworld.ItisaverydesirablethingtoreadHomerinGreek;butifyoudon’thappentoknowGreek,thenextbestthingwecandoistoreadasgoodatranslationofitaswehaverecentlybeenfurnishedwithinprose.[83]Youwon’tgetallyouwouldgetfromtheoriginal,butyoumaygetagreatdeal;andtorefusetoknowthisgreatdealbecauseyoucannotgetall,seemstobeassensibleasforahungrymantorefusebreadbecausehecannotgetpartridge.Finally,Iwouldaddinstructionineithermusicorpainting,or,ifthechildshouldbesounhappy,assometimeshappens,astohavenofacultyforeitherofthose,andnopossibilityofdoinganythinginanyartisticsensewiththem,thenIwouldseewhatcouldbedonewithliteraturealone;butIwouldprovide,inthefullestsense,forthedevelopmentoftheaestheticsideofthemind.Inmyjudgment,thosearealltheessentialsofeducationforanEnglishchild.Withthatoutfit,suchasitmightbemadeinthetimegiventoeducationwhichiswithinthereachofnine—tenthsofthepopulation——withthatoutfit,anEnglishman,withinthelimitsofEnglishlife,isfittedtogoanywhere,tooccupythehighestpositions,tofillthehighestofficesoftheState,andtobecomedistinguishedinpracticalpursuits,inscience,orinart.For,ifhehavetheopportunitytolearnallthosethings,andhavehisminddisciplinedinthevariousdirectionstheteachingofthosetopicswouldhavenecessitated,then,assuredly,hewillbeabletopickup,onhisroadthroughlife,alltherestoftheintellectualbaggagehewants.

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