The Theory of the Leisure Class

第43章

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第43章

The Theory of the Leisure Class Thorstein Veblen

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The Theory of the Leisure Class
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  Thissenseoftheefficacyofsymbolicritual,andofsympatheticeffecttobewroughtthroughdexterousrehearsalofthetraditionalaccessoriesoftheactorendtobecompassed,isofcoursepresentmoreobviouslyandinlargermeasureinmagicalpracticethaninthedisciplineofthesciences,evenoftheoccultsciences。Butthereare,Iapprehend,fewpersonswithacultivatedsenseofscholasticmerittowhomtheritualisticaccessoriesofsciencearealtogetheranidlematter。Theverygreattenacitywithwhichtheseritualisticparaphernaliapersistthroughthelatercourseofthedevelopmentisevidenttoanyonewhowillreflectonwhathasbeenthehistoryoflearninginourcivilization。Eventodaytherearesuchthingsintheusageofthelearnedcommunityasthecapandgown,matriculation,initiation,andgraduationceremonies,andtheconferringofscholasticdegrees,dignities,andprerogativesinawaywhichsuggestssomesortofascholarlyapostolicsuccession。Theusageofthepriestlyordersisnodoubttheproximatesourceofallthesefeaturesoflearnedritual,vestments,sacramentalinitiation,thetransmissionofpeculiardignitiesandvirtuesbytheimpositionofhands,andthelike;buttheirderivationistraceablebackofthispoint,tothesourcefromwhichthespecializedpriestlyclasspropercametobedistinguishedfromthesorcererontheonehandandfromthemenialservantofatemporalmasterontheotherhand。Sofarasregardsboththeirderivationandtheirpsychologicalcontent,theseusagesandtheconceptionsonwhichtheyrestbelongtoastageinculturaldevelopmentnolaterthanthatoftheangekokandtherain-maker。

  Theirplaceinthelaterphasesofdevoutobservance,aswellasinthehighereducationalsystem,isthatofasurvivalfromaveryearlyanimisticphaseofthedevelopmentofhumannature。

  Theseritualisticfeaturesoftheeducationalsystemofthepresentandoftherecentpast,itisquitesafetosay,havetheirplaceprimarilyinthehigher,liberal,andclassicinstitutionsandgradesoflearning,ratherthaninthelower,technological,orpracticalgrades,andbranchesofthesystem。

  Sofarastheypossessthem,thelowerandlessreputablebranchesoftheeducationalschemehaveevidentlyborrowedthesethingsfromthehighergrades;andtheircontinuedpersistenceamongthepracticalschools,withoutthesanctionofthecontinuedexampleofthehigherandclassicgrades,wouldbehighlyimprobable,tosaytheleast。Withthelowerandpracticalschoolsandscholars,theadoptionandcultivationoftheseusagesisacaseofmimicry——duetoadesiretoconformasfarasmaybetothestandardsofscholasticreputabilitymaintainedbytheuppergradesandclasses,whohavecomebytheseaccessoryfeatureslegitimately,bytherightoflinealdevolution。

  Theanalysismayevenbesafelycarriedastepfarther。

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