Mr. Gladstone and Genesis

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Mr. Gladstone and Genesis Huxley Thomas H.

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  Furtheron,Mr。Sullyremarksthat\"Heraclitusdeservesaprominentplaceinthehistoryoftheideaofevolution,\"andhestates,withperfectjustice,thatHeraclitushasforeshadowedsomeofthespecialpeculiaritiesofMr。Darwin’sviews。ItisindeedaverystrangecircumstancethatthephilosophyofthegreatEphesianmorethanadumbratesthetwodoctrineswhichhaveplayedleadingparts,theoneinthedevelopmentofChristiandogma,theotherinthatofnaturalscience。TheformeristheconceptionoftheWord[logos]whichtookitsJewishshapeinAlexandria,anditsChristianforminthatGospelwhichisusuallyreferredtoanEphesiansourceofsomefivecenturieslaterdate;andthelatteristhatofthestruggleforexistence。Thesayingthat\"strifeisfatherandkingofall\"

  [……],ascribedtoHeraclitus,wouldbeanotinappropriatemottoforthe\"OriginofSpecies。\"

  IhavereferredonlytoMr。Sully’sarticle,becausehisauthorityisquitesufficientformypurpose。ButtheconsultationofanyofthemoreelaboratehistoriesofGreekphilosophy,suchasthegreatworkofZeller,forexample,willonlybringoutthesamefactintostillmorestrikingprominence。Ihaveprofessedno\"minuteacquaintance\"witheitherIndianorGreekphilosophy,butIhavetakenagreatdealofpainstosecurethatsuchknowledgeasIdopossessshallbeaccurateandtrustworthy。

  Inthethirdplace,Mr。GladstoneappearstowishthatIshoulddiscusswithhimthequestionwhetherthenebularhypothesisis,orisnot,confirmatoryofthepentateuchalaccountoftheoriginofthings。Mr。Gladstoneappearstobepreparedtoenteruponthiscampaignwithalightheart。IconfessIamnot,andmyreasonforthisbackwardnesswilldoubtlesssurpriseMr。

  Gladstone。Itisthat,rathermorethanaquarterofacenturyago(namely,inFebruary1859),whenitwasmyduty,asPresidentoftheGeologicalSociety,todelivertheAnniversaryAddress,Ichoseatopicwhichinvolvedaverycarefulstudyoftheremarkablecosmogonicalspeculation,originallypromulgatedbyImmanuelKantand,subsequently,byLaplace,whichisnowknownasthenebularhypothesis。WiththehelpofsuchlittleacquaintancewiththeprinciplesofphysicsandastronomyasIhadgained,Iendeavouredtoobtainaclearunderstandingofthisspeculationinallitsbearings。IamnotsurethatIsucceeded;butofthisIamcertain,thattheproblemsinvolvedareverydifficult,evenforthosewhopossesstheintellectualdisciplinerequisitefordealingwiththem。

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