EverywhereincontinentalEuropethismadpersecutionwenton;
butitisapleasuretosaythatonegreatchurchman,PopeClementVI,stoodagainstthispopularunreason,and,sofarashecouldbringhisinfluencetobearonthemaddenedpopulace,exerciseditinfavourofmercytothesesupposedenemiesoftheAlmighty。[331]
[331]ForanearlyconceptioninIndiaoftheDivinityactingthroughmedicine,seeTheBhagavadgita,translatedbyTelang,p。
82,inMaxMuller’sSacredBooksoftheEast。Forthenecessityofreligiousmeansofsecuringknowledgeofmedicine,seetheAnugita,translatedbyTelang,inMaxMuller’sSacredBooksoftheEast,p。388。ForancientPersianideasofsicknessassentbythespiritofevilandtobecuredbyspells,butnotexcludingmedicineandsurgery,andforsicknessgenerallyascausedbytheevilprincipleindemons,seetheZend-Avesta,Darmesteter’stranslation,introduction,passim,butespeciallyp。xciii。Fordiseaseswroughtbywitchcraft,seethesame,pp。
230,293。Onthepreferencesofspellsinhealingovermedicineandsurgery,seeZend-Avesta,vol。i,pp。85,86。ForhealingbymagicinancientGreece,see,e。g。,thecureofUlyssesintheOdyssey,“Theystoppedtheblackbloodbyaspell“Odyssey,xxix,457。FormedicineinEgyptaspartlypriestlyandpartlyinthehandsofphysicians,seeRawlinson’sHerodotus,vol。ii,p。136,note。ForideasofcuringofdiseasebyexpulsionofdemonsstillsurvivingamongvarioustribesandnationsofAsia,seeJ。G。Frazer,TheGoldenBough:aStudyofComparativeReligion,London,1890,pp。184-192。FortheFlagellantsandtheirprocessionsatthetimeoftheBlackDeath,seeLea,HistoryoftheInquisition,NewYork,1888,vol。ii,pp。381etseq。ForthepersecutionoftheJewsintimeofpestilence,seeibid。,p。379andfollowing,withauthoritiesinthenotes。FortheexpulsionoftheJewsfromPadua,seetheActaSanctorum,September,tom。viii,p。893。