Southall’scontention，seeBrugsch，EgyptofthePharoahs。Forthetwosidesofthequestionwhetherinthelowergradesofsavagerythereisreallyanyrecognitionofasuperiorpower，oranythingwhichcanbecalled，inanyacceptedsense，religion，compareQuatrefageswithLubbock，inworksalreadycited。ForastrikingbutratheradcaptandumefforttoshowthatthereisamoralandreligioussenseintheverylowestofAustraliantribes，seeoneofthediscoursesofArchbishopVaughnonScienceandReligion，Baltimore，1879。Foroneoutofmultitiudesofstrikingandinstructiveresemblancesinancientstoneimplementsandthosenowinuseamongsundrysavagetribes，seecomparisonbetweenoldScandanavianarrowheadsandthoserecentlybroughtfromTierradelFuego，inNilsson，asabove，especiallyinPlateV。Forabriefandadmirablestatementoftheargumentsonbothsides，seeSirJ。Lubbock’sDundeepaper，givenintheappendixtotheAmericaneditionofhisOriginofCivilization，etc。ForthegeneralargumentreferredtobetweenWhatelyandtheDukeofArgyllononeside，andLubbockontheother，seeLubbock’sDundeepaperasabovecited；Tylor，EarlyHistoryofMankind，especiallyp。193；andtheDukeofArgyll，PrimevalMan，partiv。
Fordifficultiesofsavagesinarithmetic，seeLubbock，asabove，pp。459etseq。Foraverytemperateandjudicialviewofthewholequestion，seeTylorasabove，chaps。viiandxiii。Forabriefsummaryofthescientificpositionregardingthestagnationanddeteriorationofraces，resultinginthestatementthatsuchdeterioration“innowaycontradictsthetheorythatcivilizationitselfisdevelopedfromlowtohighstages。”seeTylor，Anthropology，chap。i。Forstrikingexamplesofthetestimonyoflanguagetoupwardprogress，seeTylor，chap。xii。
CHAPTERX。
THE“FALLOFMAN“ANDHISTORY。
Thehistoryofart，especiallyasshownbyarchitecture，inthenoblestmonumentsofthemostenlightenednationsofantiquity；