NorwastheolderbranchoftheChurchtobeleftbehindinthischorus。Bayma，intheCatholicWorld，declared，“Mr。Darwinis，wehavereasontobelieve，themouthpieceorchieftrumpeterofthatinfidelcliquewhosewell-knownobjectistodoawaywithallideaofaGod。”
Worthyofespecialnoteasshowingthedeterminationofthetheologicalsideatthatperiodwasthefoundationofsacro-scientificorganizationstocombatthenewideas。Firsttobenotedisthe“Academia。”plannedbyCardinalWiseman。Inacircularletterthecardinal，usuallysomoderateandjust，soundedanalarmandsummedupbysaying，“NowitisfortheChurch，whichalonepossessesdivinecertaintyanddivinediscernment，toplaceitselfatonceinthefrontofamovementwhichthreatenseventhefragmentaryremainsofChristianbeliefinEngland。”ThenecessarypermissionwasobtainedfromRome，theAcademiawasfounded，andthe“divinediscernment“oftheChurchwasseenintheutteranceswhichcamefromit，suchasthoseofCardinalManning，whicheverythoughtfulCatholicwouldnowdesiretorecall，andinthediatribesofDr。Laing，whichonlyarousedlaughteronallsides。AsimilareffortwasseeninProtestantquarters；the“Victoriainstitute“wascreated，andperhapsthemostnotedutterancewhichevercamefromitwasthedeclarationofitsvice-president，theRev。WalterMitchell，that“DarwinismendeavourstodethroneGod。”[23]
[23]ForWilberforce’sarticle，seeQuarterlyReview，July，1860。
ForthereplyofHuxleytothebishop’sspeechIhavereliedontheaccountgiveninQuatrefages，whohaditfromCarpenter；asomewhatdifferentversionisgivenintheLifeandLettersofDarwin。ForCardinalManning’sattack，seeEssaysonReligionandLiterature，London，1865。Forthereviewarticles，seetheQuarterlyalreadycited，andthatforJuly，1874；alsotheNorthBritishReview，May1860；also，F。O。Morris’sletterintheRecord，reprintedatGlasgow，1870；alsotheAddressesofRev。
WalterMitchellbeforetheVictoriaInstitute，London，1867；alsoRev。B。G。Johns，MosesnotDarwin，aSermon，March31，1871。