Unhappilytheartificialfeaturesofthesystemhavebeenmadebymoderninquirersthestartingpointofveryfar-reachingtheoriesandsuppositions。Seebohmhasproposedanexplanationoftheintermixtureofstripsasoriginatinginthepracticeofcoaration。Hearguesthatitwasnaturaltodividethelandtilledbyamixedplough-teamamongtheownersoftheseveralbeastsandimplements。Everymangotastripaccordingtoacertainsettledandever-recurringsuccession。IdonotpretendtojudgeofthevalueoftheinterestinginstancesadducedbySeebohmfromCelticpractices,butwhateverthearrangementinWalesorIrelandmayhavebeen,theexplanationdoesnotsuittheEnglishcase。Adoubtiscastonitalreadybythefactthatsuchauniversalfeatureastheintermixtureofstripsappearsconnectedwiththeoccurrenceofsuchaspecialinstrumentastheeight-oxenplough,TheintermixtureisquitethesameinCentralRussia,wheretheytillwithonehorse,andinEnglandwheremoreorlessbigploughswereused。thedoubtincreaseswhenwereflectthatifthestripsfollowedeachotheraspartsoftheplough-team,thegreatownerswouldhavebeenpossessedofcompactplots。Everyholderofanentirehidewouldhavebeenoutoftheintermixture,andeveryvirgaterwouldhavestoodinconjunctionwithasequenceofthreeothertenants。Neithertheonenortheotherinferenceissupportedbythefacts。TheobservationthatthepeasantryarecommonlyprovidedwithsmallploughsdrawnbyfourbeastsruinsSeebohm’shypothesisentirely。
Onewouldhavetosupposethatmostfieldsweredividedintotwoparts,asthemajorityofthetenementsareyardlandswithhalfateam。Theonlyadequateexplanationoftheopen-fieldintermixturehasbeengivenabove;ithasitsrootsinthewishtoequalisetheholdingsastothequantityandqualityofthelandassignedtotheminspiteofalldifferencesintheshape,theposition,andthevalueofthesoil。
BeforeIleavethequestionastotheholdingsofthefeudalpeasantry,ImustmentionsometermswhichoccurindifferentpartsofEngland,althoughmorerarelythantheusualhidesandvirgates。64*OfthesulungIhavespokenalready。Itisafullploughland,and200acresarecommonlyreckonedtobelongtoit。
ThenameissometimesfoundoutofKent,inEssexforinstance。
InTillingham,amanorofSt。Paul’sofLondon,wecomeacrosssixhides’triumsolandarum’。65*Themostprobableexplanationseemstobethatthehideorunitofassessmentiscontrastedwiththesolandaorsullandsulung,thatiswiththeactualploughland,andtwohidesarereckonedasasinglesolanda。