THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE

第18章

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第18章

THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE Charles Darwin

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THE VOYAGE OF THE BEAGLE
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  AnotherandsmallerspeciesofFurnariusF。cunicularius,resemblestheoven-birdinthegeneralreddishtintofitsplumage,inapeculiarshrillreiteratedcry,andinanoddmannerofrunningbystarts。Fromitsaffinity,theSpaniardscallitCasaritaorlittlehousebuilder,althoughitsnidificationisquitedifferent。TheCasaritabuildsitsnestatthebottomofanarrowcylindricalhole,whichissaidtoextendhorizontallytonearlysixfeetunderground。Severalofthecountrypeopletoldme,thatwhenboys,theyhadattemptedtodigoutthenest,buthadscarcelyeversucceededingettingtotheendofthepassage。Thebirdchoosesanylowbankoffirmsandysoilbythesideofaroadorstream。HereatBahiaBlancathewallsroundthehousesarebuiltofhardenedmud,andInoticedthatone,whichenclosedacourtyardwhereIlodged,wasboredthroughbyroundholesinascoreofplaces。Onaskingtheownerthecauseofthishebitterlycomplainedofthelittlecasarita,severalofwhichIafterwardsobservedatwork。Itisrathercurioustofindhowincapablethesebirdsmustbeofacquiringanynotionofthickness,foralthoughtheywereconstantlyflittingoverthelowwall,theycontinuedvainlytoborethroughit,thinkingitanexcellentbankfortheirnests。Idonotdoubtthateachbird,asoftenasitcametodaylightontheoppositeside,wasgreatlysurprisedatthemarvellousfact。

  Ihavealreadymentionednearlyallthemammaliacommoninthiscountry。

  Ofarmadilloesthreespeciesoccurnamely,theDasypusminutusor_pichy_,theD。villosusor_peludo_,andthe_apar_。Thefirstextendstendegreesfurthersouththananyotherkind;afourthspecies,the_Mulita_,doesnotcomeasfarsouthasBahiaBlanca。Thefourspecieshavenearlysimilarhabits;the_peludo_,however,isnocturnal,whiletheotherswanderbydayovertheopenplains,feedingonbeetles,larvae,roots,andevensmallsnakes。The_apar_,commonlycalled_mataco_,isremarkablebyhavingonlythreemoveablebands;therestofitstesselatedcoveringbeingnearlyinflexible。Ithasthepowerofrollingitselfintoaperfectsphere,likeonekindofEnglishwoodlouse。Inthisstateitissafefromtheattackofdogs;forthedognotbeingabletotakethewholeinitsmouth,triestobiteoneside,andtheballslipsaway。Thesmoothhardcoveringofthe_mataco_offersabetterdefencethanthesharpspinesofthehedgehog。

  The_pichy_prefersaverydrysoil;andthesand-dunesnearthecoast,whereformanymonthsitcannevertastewater,isitsfavouriteresort:

  itoftentriestoescapenotice,bysquattingclosetotheground。Inthecourseofaday’sride,nearBahiaBlanca,severalweregenerallymetwith。

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