The Varieties of Religious Experience

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第70章

The Varieties of Religious Experience William James

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The Varieties of Religious Experience
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  “Ihaveneverhadanyrevelationsthroughanaesthetics,butakindofwakingtrance——thisforlackofabetterword——Ihavefrequentlyhad,quiteupfromboyhood,whenIhavebeenallalone。Thishascomeuponmethroughrepeatingmyownnametomyselfsilently,tillallatonce,asitwereoutoftheintensityoftheconsciousnessofindividuality,individualityitselfseemedtodissolveandfadeawayintoboundlessbeing,andthisnotaconfusedstatebuttheclearest,thesurestofthesurest,utterlybeyondwords——wheredeathwasanalmostlaughableimpossibility——thelossofpersonalityifsoitwereseemingnoextinction,buttheonlytruelife。Iamashamedofmyfeebledescription。HaveInotsaidthestateisutterlybeyondwords?”

  ProfessorTyndall,inaletter,recallsTennysonsayingofthiscondition:“ByGodAlmighty!thereisnodelusioninthematter!

  Itisnonebulousecstasy,butastateoftranscendentwonder,associatedwithabsoluteclearnessofmind。”MemoirsofAlfredTennyson,ii。473。

  SirJamesCrichton-Brownehasgiventhetechnicalnameof“dreamystates“tothesesuddeninvasionsofvaguelyreminiscentconsciousness。[229]Theybringasenseofmysteryandofthemetaphysicaldualityofthings,andthefeelingofanenlargementofperceptionwhichseemsimminentbutwhichnevercompletesitself。InDr。Crichton-Browne’sopiniontheyconnectthemselveswiththeperplexedandscareddisturbancesofself-consciousnesswhichoccasionallyprecedeepilepticattacks。Ithinkthatthislearnedalienisttakesaratherabsurdlyalarmistviewofanintrinsicallyinsignificantphenomenon。Hefollowsitalongthedownwardladder,toinsanity;ourpathpursuestheupwardladderchiefly。Thedivergenceshowshowimportantitistoneglectnopartofaphenomenon’sconnections,forwemakeitappearadmirableordreadfulaccordingtothecontextbywhichwesetitoff。

  TheLancet,July6and13,1895,reprintedastheCavendishLecture,onDreamyMentalStates,London,Bailliere,1895。Theyhavebeenagooddealdiscussedoflatebypsychologists。See,forexample,Bernard-Leroy:L’IllusiondeFausseReconnaissance,Paris,1898。

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