The Varieties of Religious Experience

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第35章

The Varieties of Religious Experience William James

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The Varieties of Religious Experience
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  Isubjoin,omittingthecapitals,Derham’s“VindicationofGodbytheInstitutionofHillsandValleys。”andWolff’saltogetherculinaryaccountoftheinstitutionofWater:——

  “Theuses。”saysWolff,“whichwaterservesinhumanlifeareplaintoseeandneednotbedescribedatlength。Waterisauniversaldrinkofmanandbeasts。Eventhoughmenhavemadethemselvesdrinksthatareartificial,theycouldnotdothiswithoutwater。Beerisbrewedofwaterandmalt,anditisthewaterinitwhichquenchesthirst。Wineispreparedfromgrapes,whichcouldneverhavegrownwithoutthehelpofwater;andthesameistrueofthosedrinkswhichinEnglandandotherplacestheyproducefromfruit……ThereforesinceGodsoplannedtheworldthatmenandbeastsshouldliveuponitandfindthereeverythingrequiredfortheirnecessityandconvenience,healsomadewaterasonemeanswherebytomaketheearthintosoexcellentadwelling。Andthisisallthemoremanifestwhenweconsidertheadvantageswhichweobtainfromthissamewaterforthecleaningofourhouseholdutensils,ofourclothing,andofothermatters……Whenonegoesintoagrinding-milloneseesthatthegrindstonemustalwaysbekeptwetandthenonewillgetastillgreaterideaoftheuseofwater。”

  Ofthehillsandvalleys,Derham,afterpraisingtheirbeauty,discoursesasfollows:“Someconstitutionsareindeedofsohappyastrength,andsoconfirmedanhealth,astobeindifferenttoalmostanyplaceortemperatureoftheair。Butthenothersaresoweaklyandfeeble,asnottobeabletobearone,butcanlivecomfortablyinanotherplace。Withsomethemoresubtleandfinerairofthehillsdothbestagree,whoarelanguishinganddyinginthefeculentandgrosserairofgreattowns,oreventhewarmerandvaporousairofthevalleysandwaters。Butcontrariwise,otherslanguishonthehills,andgrowlustyandstronginthewarmerairofthevalleys。

  “Sothatthisopportunityofshiftingourabodefromthehillstothevales,isanadmirableeasement,refreshment,andgreatbenefittothevaletudinarian,feeblepartofmankind;affordingthoseaneasyandcomfortablelife,whowouldotherwiselivemiserably,languish,andpineaway。

  “Tothissalutaryconformationoftheearthwemayaddanothergreatconvenienceofthehills,andthatisaffordingcommodiousplacesforhabitation,servingasaneminentauthorwordethit

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