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Firstthenweobservethatsomethingsalwayscometopassinthesameway，andothersforthemostpart。Itisclearlyofneitherofthesethatchanceissaidtobethecause，norcanthe\'effectofchance\'beidentifiedwithanyofthethingsthatcometopassbynecessityandalways，orforthemostpart。Butasthereisathirdclassofeventsbesidesthesetwo-eventswhichallsayare\'bychance\'-itisplainthatthereissuchathingaschanceandspontaneity；forweknowthatthingsofthiskindareduetochanceandthatthingsduetochanceareofthiskind。
But，secondly，someeventsareforthesakeofsomething，othersnot。Again，someoftheformerclassareinaccordancewithdeliberateintention，othersnot，butbothareintheclassofthingswhichareforthesakeofsomething。Henceitisclearthatevenamongthethingswhichareoutsidethenecessaryandthenormal，therearesomeinconnexionwithwhichthephrase\'forthesakeofsomething\'
isapplicable。Eventsthatareforthesakeofsomethingincludewhatevermaybedoneasaresultofthoughtorofnature。Thingsofthiskind，then，whentheycometopassincidentalaresaidtobe\'bychance\'。Forjustasathingissomethingeitherinvirtueofitselforincidentally，somayitbeacause。Forinstance，thehousebuildingfacultyisinvirtueofitselfthecauseofahouse，whereasthepaleorthemusicalistheincidentalcause。Thatwhichispersecauseoftheeffectisdeterminate，buttheincidentalcauseisindeterminable，forthepossibleattributesofanindividualareinnumerable。Toresumethen；whenathingofthiskindcomestopassamongeventswhichareforthesakeofsomething，itissaidtobespontaneousorbychance。Thedistinctionbetweenthetwomustbemadelater-forthepresentitissufficientifitisplainthatbothareinthesphereofthingsdoneforthesakeofsomething。
Example:Amanisengagedincollectingsubscriptionsforafeast。