Areopagitica

第4章

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第4章

Areopagitica John Milton

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Areopagitica
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  thatallthesermons,allthelecturespreached,printed,ventedinsuchnumbers,andsuchvolumes,ashavenowwellnighmadeallotherbooksunsaleable,shouldnotbearmourenoughagainstonesingleEnchiridion,withoutthecastleofSt。AngeloofanImprimatur。

  Andlestsomeshouldpersuadeye,LordsandCommons,thattheseargumentsoflearnedmen’sdiscouragementatthisyourOrderaremereflourishes,andnotreal,IcouldrecountwhatIhaveseenandheardinothercountries,wherethiskindofinquisitiontyrannizes;whenIhavesatamongtheirlearnedmen,forthathonourIhad,andbeencountedhappytobeborninsuchaplaceofphilosophicfreedom,astheysupposedEnglandwas,whilethemselvesdidnothingbutbemoantheservileconditionintowhichlearningamongstthemwasbrought;thatthiswasitwhichhaddampedthegloryofItalianwits;thatnothinghadbeentherewrittennowthesemanyyearsbutflatteryandfustian。ThereitwasthatI

  foundandvisitedthefamousGalileo,grownold,aprisonertotheInquisition,forthinkinginastronomyotherwisethantheFranciscanandDominicanlicensersthought。AndthoughIknewthatEnglandthenwasgroaningloudestundertheprelaticalyoke,neverthelessItookitasapledgeoffuturehappiness,thatothernationsweresopersuadedofherliberty。Yetwasitbeyondmyhopethatthoseworthieswerethenbreathinginherair,whoshouldbeherleaderstosuchadeliverance,asshallneverbeforgottenbyanyrevolutionoftimethatthisworldhathtofinish。Whenthatwasoncebegun,itwasaslittleinmyfearthatwhatwordsofcomplaintIheardamonglearnedmenofotherpartsutteredagainsttheInquisition,thesameIshouldhearbyaslearnedmenathome,utteredintimeofParliamentagainstanorderoflicensing;andthatsogenerallythat,whenIhaddisclosedmyselfacompanionoftheirdiscontent,Imightsay,ifwithoutenvy,thathewhomanhonestquaestorshiphadendearedtotheSicilianswasnotmorebythemimportunedagainstVerres,thanthefavourableopinionwhichIhadamongmanywhohonourye,andareknownandrespectedbyye,loadedmewithentreatiesandpersuasions,thatIwouldnotdespairtolaytogetherthatwhichjustreasonshouldbringintomymind,towardtheremovalofanundeservedthraldomuponlearning。Thatthisisnotthereforethedisburdeningofaparticularfancy,butthecommongrievanceofallthosewhohadpreparedtheirmindsandstudiesabovethevulgarpitchtoadvancetruthinothers,andfromotherstoentertainit,thusmuchmaysatisfy。

  AndintheirnameIshallforneitherfriendnorfoeconcealwhatthegeneralmurmuris;thatifitcometoinquisitioningagainandlicensing,andthatwearesotimorousofourselves,andsosuspiciousofallmen,astofeareachbookandtheshakingofeveryleaf,beforeweknowwhatthecontentsare;ifsomewhobutoflatewerelittlebetterthansilencedfrompreachingshallcomenowtosilenceusfromreading,exceptwhattheyplease,itcannotbeguessedwhatisintendedbysomebutasecondtyrannyoverlearning:andwillsoonputitoutofcontroversy,thatbishopsandpresbytersarethesametous,bothnameandthing。Thatthoseevilsofprelaty,whichbeforefromfiveorsixandtwentyseesweredistributivelychargeduponthewholepeople,willnowlightwhollyuponlearning,isnotobscuretous:whenasnowthepastorofasmallunlearnedparishonthesuddenshallbeexaltedarchbishopoveralargedioceseofbooks,andyetnotremove,butkeephisothercuretoo,amysticalpluralist。HewhobutoflatecrieddownthesoleordinationofeverynoviceBachelorofArt,anddeniedsolejurisdictionoverthesimplestparishioner,shallnowathomeinhisprivatechairassumeboththeseoverworthiestandexcellentestbooksandablestauthorsthatwritethem。

  Thisisnot,yeCovenantsandProtestationsthatwehavemade!

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