Duringseveralweeks，thecardinalsattendedtheirnewmasterwiththefairestprofessionsofattachmentandloyalty；tillthesummerheatspermittedadecentescapefromthecity。ButassoonastheywereunitedatAnagniandFundi，inaplaceofsecurity，theycastasidethemask，accusedtheirownfalsehoodandhypocrisy，excommunicatedtheapostateandantichristofRome，andproceededtoanewelectionofRobertofGeneva，ClementtheSeventh，whomtheyannouncedtothenationsasthetrueandrightfulvicarofChrist。Theirfirstchoice，aninvoluntaryandillegalact，wasannulledbyfearofdeathandthemenacesoftheRomans；andtheircomplaintisjustifiedbythestrongevidenceofprobabilityandfact。ThetwelveFrenchcardinals，abovetwothirdsofthevotes，weremastersoftheelection；andwhatevermightbetheirprovincialjealousies，itcannotfairlybepresumedthattheywouldhavesacrificedtheirrightandinteresttoaforeigncandidate，whowouldneverrestorethemtotheirnativecountry。Inthevarious，andofteninconsistent，narratives，^66theshadesofpopularviolencearemoredarklyorfaintlycolored:butthelicentiousnessoftheseditiousRomanswasinflamedbyasenseoftheirprivileges，andthedangerofasecondemigration。Theconclavewasintimidatedbytheshouts，andencompassedbythearms，ofthirtythousandrebels；thebellsoftheCapitolandSt。Peter\'sranganalarm:
\"Death，oranItalianpope!\"wastheuniversalcry；thesamethreatwasrepeatedbythetwelvebanneretsorchiefsofthequarters，intheformofcharitableadvice；somepreparationsweremadeforburningtheobstinatecardinals；andhadtheychosenaTransalpinesubject，itisprobablethattheywouldneverhavedepartedalivefromtheVatican。ThesameconstraintimposedthenecessityofdissemblingintheeyesofRomeandoftheworld；theprideandcrueltyofUrbanpresentedamoreinevitabledanger；andtheysoondiscoveredthefeaturesofthetyrant，whocouldwalkinhisgardenandrecitehisbreviary，whileheheardfromanadjacentchambersixcardinalsgroaningontherack。Hisinflexiblezeal，whichloudlycensuredtheirluxuryandvice，wouldhaveattachedthemtothestationsanddutiesoftheirparishesatRome；andhadhenotfatallydelayedanewpromotion，theFrenchcardinalswouldhavebeenreducedtoahelplessminorityinthesacredcollege。Forthesereasons，andthehopeofrepassingtheAlps，theyrashlyviolatedthepeaceandunityofthechurch；andthemeritsoftheirdoublechoiceareyetagitatedintheCatholicschools。^67Thevanity，ratherthantheinterest，ofthenationdeterminedthecourtandclergyofFrance。^68ThestatesofSavoy，Sicily，Cyprus，Arragon，Castille，Navarre，andScotlandwereinclinedbytheirexampleandauthoritytotheobedienceofClementtheSeventh，andafterhisdecease，ofBenedicttheThirteenth。RomeandtheprincipalstatesofItaly，Germany，Portugal，England，^69theLowCountries，andthekingdomsoftheNorth，adheredtothepriorelectionofUrbantheSixth，whowassucceededbyBonifacetheNinth，InnocenttheSeventh，andGregorytheTwelfth。
[Footnote65:Canthedeathofagoodmanbeesteemedapunishmentbythosewhobelieveintheimmortalityofthesoul?
Theybetraytheinstabilityoftheirfaith。Yetasamerephilosopher，IcannotagreewiththeGreeksBrunck，PoetaeGnomici，p。231。SeeinHerodotusl。i。c。31themoralandpleasingtaleoftheArgiveyouths。]
[Footnote66:InthefirstbookoftheHistoireduConciledePise，M。LenfanthasabridgedandcomparedtheoriginalnarrativesoftheadherentsofUrbanandClement，oftheItaliansandGermans，theFrenchandSpaniards。Thelatterappeartobethemostactiveandloquacious，andeveryfactandwordintheoriginallivesofGregoryXI。andClementVII。aresupportedinthenotesoftheireditorBaluze。]