[Footnote48:AftertheconquestofSmyrnabytheLatins，thedefenceofthisfortresswasimposedbyPopeGregoryXI。ontheknightsofRhodes，seeVertot，l。v。]
[Footnote49:SeeCantacuzenus，l。iii。c。95。NicephorusGregoras，who，forthelightofMountThabor，brandstheemperorwiththenamesoftyrantandHerod，excuses，ratherthanblames，thisTurkishmarriage，andallegesthepassionandpowerofOrchan，Turkish，l。xv。5。Heafterwardscelebrateshiskingdomandarmies。SeehisreigninCantemir，p。24—30。]
InthetreatywiththeempressAnne，theOttomanprincehadinsertedasingularcondition，thatitshouldbelawfulforhimtosellhisprisonersatConstantinople，ortransportthemintoAsia。AnakedcrowdofChristiansofbothsexesandeveryage，ofpriestsandmonks，ofmatronsandvirgins，wasexposedinthepublicmarket；thewhipwasfrequentlyusedtoquickenthecharityofredemption；andtheindigentGreeksdeploredthefateoftheirbrethren，whowereledawaytotheworstevilsoftemporalandspiritualbondage^50Cantacuzenewasreducedtosubscribethesameterms；andtheirexecutionmusthavebeenstillmorepernicioustotheempire:abodyoftenthousandTurkshadbeendetachedtotheassistanceoftheempressAnne；buttheentireforcesofOrchanwereexertedintheserviceofhisfather。Yetthesecalamitieswereofatransientnature；assoonasthestormhadpassedaway，thefugitivesmightreturntotheirhabitations；andattheconclusionofthecivilandforeignwars，EuropewascompletelyevacuatedbytheMoslemsofAsia。ItwasinhislastquarrelwithhispupilthatCantacuzeneinflictedthedeepanddeadlywound，whichcouldneverbehealedbyhissuccessors，andwhichispoorlyexpiatedbyhistheologicaldialoguesagainsttheprophetMahomet。Ignorantoftheirownhistory，themodernTurksconfoundtheirfirstandtheirfinalpassageoftheHellespont，^51anddescribethesonofOrchanasanocturnalrobber，who，witheightycompanions，exploresbystratagemahostileandunknownshore。Soliman，attheheadoftenthousandhorse，wastransportedinthevessels，andentertainedasthefriend，oftheGreekemperor。InthecivilwarsofRomania，heperformedsomeserviceandperpetratedmoremischief；buttheChersonesuswasinsensiblyfilledwithaTurkishcolony；andtheByzantinecourtsolicitedinvaintherestitutionofthefortressesofThrace。AftersomeartfuldelaysbetweentheOttomanprinceandhisson，theirransomwasvaluedatsixtythousandcrowns，andthefirstpaymenthadbeenmadewhenanearthquakeshookthewallsandcitiesoftheprovinces；thedismantledplaceswereoccupiedbytheTurks；andGallipoli，thekeyoftheHellespont，wasrebuiltandrepeopledbythepolicyofSoliman。TheabdicationofCantacuzenedissolvedthefeeblebandsofdomesticalliance；andhislastadviceadmonishedhiscountrymentodeclinearashcontest，andtocomparetheirownweaknesswiththenumbersandvalor，thedisciplineandenthusiasm，oftheMoslems。Hisprudentcounselsweredespisedbytheheadstrongvanityofyouth，andsoonjustifiedbythevictoriesoftheOttomans。Butashepractisedinthefieldtheexerciseofthejerid，Solimanwaskilledbyafallfromhishorse；andtheagedOrchanweptandexpiredonthetombofhisvaliantson。
[Footnote50:ThemostlivelyandconcisepictureofthiscaptivitymaybefoundinthehistoryofDucas，c。8，whofairlydescribeswhatCantacuzeneconfesseswithaguiltyblush!]
[Footnote51:Inthispassage，andthefirstconquestsinEurope，Cantemirp。27，&c。givesamiserableideaofhisTurkishguides；noramImuchbettersatisfiedwithChalcondyles，l。i。