^17AssoonastheseasonoftheyearpermittedJuliantotakethefield，heappearedattheheadofhislegions；threwabridgeovertheRhineintheneighborhoodofCleves；andpreparedtochastisetheperfidyoftheAttuarii，atribeofFranks，whopresumedthattheymightravage，withimpunity，thefrontiersofadividedempire。Thedifficulty，aswellasglory，ofthisenterprise，consistedinalaboriousmarch；andJulianhadconquered，assoonashecouldpenetrateintoacountry，whichformerprinceshadconsideredasinaccessible。AfterhehadgivenpeacetotheBarbarians，theemperorcarefullyvisitedthefortificationsalongtheQhinefromClevestoBasil；surveyed，withpeculiarattention，theterritorieswhichhehadrecoveredfromthehandsoftheAlemanni，passedthroughBesancon，^18
whichhadseverelysufferedfromtheirfury，andfixedhisheadquartersatViennafortheensuingwinter。ThebarrierofGaulwasimprovedandstrengthenedwithadditionalfortifications；andJulianentertainedsomehopesthattheGermans，whomhehadsooftenvanquished，might，inhisabsence，berestrainedbytheterrorofhisname。Vadomair^19wastheonlyprinceoftheAlemanniwhomheesteemedorfearedandwhilethesubtleBarbarianaffectedtoobservethefaithoftreaties，theprogressofhisarmsthreatenedthestatewithanunseasonableanddangerouswar。ThepolicyofJuliancondescendedtosurprisetheprinceoftheAlemannibyhisownarts:andVadomair，who，inthecharacterofafriend，hadincautiouslyacceptedaninvitationfromtheRomangovernors，wasseizedinthemidstoftheentertainment，andsentawayprisonerintotheheartofSpain。BeforetheBarbarianswererecoveredfromtheiramazement，theemperorappearedinarmsonthebanksoftheRhine，and，oncemorecrossingtheriver，renewedthedeepimpressionsofterrorandrespectwhichhadbeenalreadymadebyfourprecedingexpeditions。^20
[Footnote17:Liban。Orat。Parent。c。50，p。275，276。Astrangedisorder，sinceitcontinuedabovesevenyears。InthefactionsoftheGreekrepublics，theexilesamountedto20，000persons；
andIsocratesassuresPhilip，thatitwouldbeeasiertoraiseanarmyfromthevagabondsthanfromthecities。SeeHume\'sEssays，tom。i。p。426，427。]
[Footnote18:JulianEpist。xxxviii。p。414givesashortdescriptionofVesontio，orBesancon；arockypeninsulaalmostencircledbytheRiverDoux；onceamagnificentcity，filledwithtemples，&c。，nowreducedtoasmalltown，emerging，however，fromitsruins。]