Gallienawasfirstcousintotheemperor。BydeliveringAfricafromtheusurperCelsus，shedeservedthetitleofAugusta。OnamedalintheFrenchking\'scollection，wereadasimilarinscriptionofFaustinaAugustaroundtheheadofMarcusAurelius。WithregardtotheUbiquePax，itiseasilyexplainedbythevanityofGallienus，whoseized，perhaps，theoccasionofsomemomentarycalm。SeeNouvellesdelaRepubliquedesLettres，Janvier，1700，p。21—34。]
[Footnote156:Thissingularcharacterhas，Ibelieve，beenfairlytransmittedtous。Thereignofhisimmediatesuccessorwasshortandbusy；andthehistorianswhowrotebeforetheelevationofthefamilyofConstantinecouldnothavethemostremoteinteresttomisrepresentthecharacterofGallienus。]
Atthetimewhenthereinsofgovernmentwereheldwithsolooseahand，itisnotsurprising，thatacrowdofusurpersshouldstartupineveryprovinceoftheempireagainstthesonofValerian。Itwasprobablysomeingeniousfancy，ofcomparingthethirtytyrantsofRomewiththethirtytyrantsofAthens，thatinducedthewritersoftheAugustanHistorytoselectthatcelebratednumber，whichhasbeengraduallyreceivedintoapopularappellation。^157Butineverylighttheparallelisidleanddefective。Whatresemblancecanwediscoverbetweenacouncilofthirtypersons，theunitedoppressorsofasinglecity，andanuncertainlistofindependentrivals，whoroseandfellinirregularsuccessionthroughtheextentofavastempire?Norcanthenumberofthirtybecompleted，unlessweincludeintheaccountthewomenandchildrenwhowerehonoredwiththeImperialtitle。ThereignofGallienus，distractedasitwas，producedonlynineteenpretenderstothethrone:Cyriades，Macrianus，Balista，Odenathus，andZenobia，intheEast；inGaul，andthewesternprovinces，Posthumus，Lollianus，Victorinus，andhismotherVictoria，Marius，andTetricus；inIllyricumandtheconfinesoftheDanube，Ingenuus，Regillianus，andAureolus；inPontus，^158Saturninus；inIsauria，Trebellianus；PisoinThessaly；ValensinAchaia；AemilianusinEgypt；andCelsusinAfrica。Toillustratetheobscuremonumentsofthelifeanddeathofeachindividual，wouldprovealaborioustask，alikebarrenofinstructionandofamusement。Wemaycontentourselveswithinvestigatingsomegeneralcharacters，thatmoststronglymarktheconditionofthetimes，andthemannersofthemen，theirpretensions，theirmotives，theirfate，andtheirdestructiveconsequencesoftheirusurpation。^159
[Footnote157:Pollioexpressesthemostminuteanxietytocompletethenumber。
Note:CompareadissertationofMansoonthethirtytyrantsattheendofhisLebenConstantiusdesGrossen。Breslau，1817。