1。Collectiveorcooperativeconsumptionoutsidethehomeorfamilyisofcourseincreasing。Notonlyhavewemunicipalsuppliesforpub1icuse，e。g。，schools，libraries，museums，parks，baths，lighting，etc。，butmanyformsofprivateexpenditureofincomeoneducational，recreative，philanthrophicandothercooperativemodesofconsumption。
2。ForthefullestandmostrecentexpositionofthistheoryseeMr。
J。M。Robertson\'sTheEvolutionofStatesWatts&；Co。。CHAPTERX:CLASSSTANDARDSOF
§；1。Wemaynowapplythesegeneralconsiderationsregardingtheevolutionofwantstoclassandindividualstandardsofconsumption。Inaconcreteclassstandardofconsumptionwemayconvenientlydistinguishthreedeterminantfactors:1st。Theprimaryorganicfactor，theelementsinconsumptionimposedbygeneralorparticularconditionsofphysicalenvironment，suchassoil，climate，inrelationtophysicalneeds。2nd。
Theindustrialfactor，themodificationsinorganicneedsduedirectlyorindirectlytoconditionsofwork。3rd。Theconventionalfactor，thoseelementsinastandardofconsumptionnotbaseddirectlyuponconsiderationsofphysicaloreconomicenvironmentbutimposedbysocialcustom。